无效的描述符异常 - 使用JSF和Tomcat 7的UIMA

Question

我在TOMCAT 7.0上运行UIMA应用程序时遇到异常。

STEPS

1）创建了一个动态Web项目

2）添加“ADD UIMA NATURE”

3）创建了原始分析引擎（AE）。每个原始AE都有一个注释类型和一个注释器（例如来自here）

链接中的代码段

ZipCode.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <typeSystemDescription xmlns="http://uima.apache.org/resourceSpecifier">
      <name>ZipCode</name>
      <description>Defines the zipcode type</description>
      <version>1.0</version>
      <vendor>MyCompany, Inc.</vendor>
      <types>
        <typeDescription>
          <name>com.mycompany.myapp.uima.annotators.zipcode.ZipCodeAnnotation</name>
          <description>ZipCode</description>
          <supertypeName>uima.tcas.Annotation</supertypeName>
        </typeDescription>
      </types>
    </typeSystemDescription>

ZipCodeAE.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   <analysisEngineDescription xmlns="http://uima.apache.org/resourceSpecifier">
      <frameworkImplementation>org.apache.uima.java</frameworkImplementation>
      <primitive>true</primitive>
      <annotatorImplementationName>
        com.mycompany.myapp.uima.annotators.zipcode.ZipCodeAnnotator
      </annotatorImplementationName>
      <analysisEngineMetaData>
        <name>Zip Code Annotator</name>
        <description>Recognize and annotate zip code in text</description>
        <version>1.0</version>
        <vendor>MyCompany, Inc.</vendor>
        <configurationParameters></configurationParameters>
        <configurationParameterSettings></configurationParameterSettings>
        <typeSystemDescription>
          <imports>
            <import location="ZipCode.xml"/>
          </imports>
        </typeSystemDescription>
        <typePriorities></typePriorities>
        <fsIndexCollection></fsIndexCollection>
        <capabilities>
          <capability>
            <inputs></inputs>
            <outputs>
              <type>com.mycompany.myapp.uima.annotators.zipcode.ZipCode</type>
            </outputs>
            <languagesSupported></languagesSupported>
          </capability>
        </capabilities>
        <operationalProperties>
          <modifiesCas>true</modifiesCas>
          <multipleDeploymentAllowed>true</multipleDeploymentAllowed>
          <outputsNewCASes>false</outputsNewCASes>
        </operationalProperties>
      </analysisEngineMetaData>
      <externalResourceDependencies></externalResourceDependencies>
      <resourceManagerConfiguration></resourceManagerConfiguration>
    </analysisEngineDescription>

ZipCodeAnnotator.java

public class ZipCodeAnnotator extends JCasAnnotator_ImplBase {

      private Pattern zipCodePattern = Pattern.compile("\\d{5}(-\\d{4})*");

      @Override
      public void process(JCas jCAS) throws AnalysisEngineProcessException {
        String text = jCAS.getDocumentText();
        Matcher matcher = zipCodePattern.matcher(text);
        int pos = 0;
        while (matcher.find(pos)) {
          ZipCodeAnnotation annotation = new ZipCodeAnnotation(jCAS);
          annotation.setBegin(matcher.start());
          annotation.setEnd(matcher.end());
          annotation.addToIndexes();
          pos = matcher.end();
        }
      }
    }

测试用例

public class AddressAnnotatorTest {

  private final String[] TEST_STRINGS = new String[] {
    "Dr Goldwater, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 01234",
    "Microsoft, 1 Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA",
    "Apple, 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, CA 95014",
    "IBM, 1 New Orchard Road, Armonk, NY 10504",
    "Google, 1600 Amphitheater Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043",
    "Healthline, 600 3rd Street, San Francisco, CA 94107",
    "Jane Doe, Lake Tahoe, California",
    "Miss Liberty, Empire State Building, New York, NY"
  };

  @Test
  public void testAddressAE() throws Exception {
    AnalysisEngine ae = TestUtils.getAE(
      "src/main/java/com/mycompany/myapp/uima/annotators/aggregates/AddressAE.xml", 
      null);
    for (String text : TEST_STRINGS) {
      JCas jcas = TestUtils.runAE(ae, text);
      TestUtils.printResults(jcas);
    }
  }
}

如果我通过JUnit测试用例测试此应用程序（如上面代码中所示），它运行成功，没有任何异常，但是当我通过创建一个带有按钮的简单xhtml页面在Tomcat上运行此应用程序时。然后单击按钮，它会抛出异常。

以下是代码段

XHTML

 <p:commandButton id="create" value="Print Result"
    actionListener="#{demoClass.testZipAE}" ajax="true">
    </p:commandButton>

DemoClass.java

@ManagedBean(name = "demoClass")
@SessionScoped()
public class DemoClass implements Serializable {

public AnalysisEngine getAE(
              String descriptor, Map<String,Object> params) 
              throws IOException, InvalidXMLException, 
              ResourceInitializationException {
            AnalysisEngine ae = null;
            try {

              XMLInputSource in = new XMLInputSource(ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(descriptor), null);
              AnalysisEngineDescription desc = 
                UIMAFramework.getXMLParser().
                parseAnalysisEngineDescription(in);
              if (params != null) {
                for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                  desc.getAnalysisEngineMetaData().
                  getConfigurationParameterSettings().
                  setParameterValue(key, params.get(key));
                }
              }
              ae = UIMAFramework.produceAnalysisEngine(desc);
            } catch (Exception e) {
              throw new ResourceInitializationException(e);
            }
            return ae;
          }

          public JCas runAE(AnalysisEngine ae, String text)
              throws AnalysisEngineProcessException, 
              ResourceInitializationException {
            JCas jcas = ae.newJCas();
            jcas.setDocumentText(text);
            ProcessTrace trace = ae.process(jcas);
            for (ProcessTraceEvent evt : trace.getEvents()) {
              if (evt != null && evt.getResultMessage() != null &&
                  evt.getResultMessage().contains("error")) {
                throw new AnalysisEngineProcessException(
                  new Exception(evt.getResultMessage()));
              }
            }
            return jcas;
          }

          public void printResults(JCas jcas) {
            FSIndex index = jcas.getAnnotationIndex();
            for (Iterator<Annotation> it = index.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
              Annotation annotation = it.next();
              List<Feature> features = new ArrayList<Feature>();
              if (annotation.getType().getName().contains("com.mycompany")) {
                features = annotation.getType().getFeatures();
              }
              List<String> fasl = new ArrayList<String>();
              for (Feature feature : features) {
                if (feature.getName().contains("com.mycompany")) {
                  String name = feature.getShortName();
                  String value = annotation.getStringValue(feature);
                  fasl.add(name + "=\"" + value + "\"");
                }
              }
              System.out.println(
                annotation.getType().getShortName() + ": " +
                annotation.getCoveredText() + " " +
                (fasl.size() > 0 ? StringUtils.join(fasl.iterator(), ",") : "") + " " +
                annotation.getBegin() + ":" + annotation.getEnd());
            }
            System.out.println("==");
          }

          public void testZipAE(ActionEvent event) throws AnalysisEngineProcessException, ResourceInitializationException {
            AnalysisEngine ae;
            try {
                ae = getAE(
                  "TestAE.xml", 
                  null);
                 for (String text : TEST_STRINGS) {
                      JCas jcas = runAE(ae, text);
                      printResults(jcas);
                    }
            } catch (InvalidXMLException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (ResourceInitializationException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
          }

TestAE.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<analysisEngineDescription xmlns="http://uima.apache.org/resourceSpecifier">
  <frameworkImplementation>org.apache.uima.java</frameworkImplementation>
  <primitive>false</primitive>
  <delegateAnalysisEngineSpecifiers>
    <delegateAnalysisEngine key="ZipCodeAE">
      <import location="ZipCodeAE.xml"/>
    </delegateAnalysisEngine>
  </delegateAnalysisEngineSpecifiers>
  <analysisEngineMetaData>
    <name>TestAE</name>
    <description>Runs the delegate AEs together</description>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <configurationParameters searchStrategy="language_fallback"/>
    <configurationParameterSettings/>
    <flowConstraints>
      <fixedFlow>
        <node>ZipCodeAE</node>
      </fixedFlow>
    </flowConstraints>
    <typePriorities/>
    <fsIndexCollection/>
    <capabilities>
      <capability>
        <inputs/>
        <outputs/>
        <languagesSupported/>
      </capability>
    </capabilities>
    <operationalProperties>
      <modifiesCas>true</modifiesCas>
      <multipleDeploymentAllowed>true</multipleDeploymentAllowed>
      <outputsNewCASes>false</outputsNewCASes>
    </operationalProperties>
  </analysisEngineMetaData>
  <resourceManagerConfiguration/>
</analysisEngineDescription>

异常

 org.apache.uima.resource.ResourceInitializationException: Invalid descriptor at <unknown source>.
        at com.acn.hps.alpes.gi.cip.jsf.AnalyzeFile.getAE(AnalyzeFile.java:208)
        at com.acn.hps.alpes.gi.cip.jsf.AnalyzeFile.testAddressAE(AnalyzeFile.java:145)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:278)
        at org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:274)
        at com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
        at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:88)
        at com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:101)
        at javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
        at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:794)
        at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1259)
        at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
        at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
        at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:118)
        at javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:593)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
        at org.primefaces.webapp.filter.FileUploadFilter.doFilter(FileUploadFilter.java:77)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
        at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:168)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99)
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:929)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407)
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1002)
        at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:585)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
    Caused by: org.apache.uima.util.InvalidXMLException: Invalid descriptor at <unknown source>.
        at org.apache.uima.util.impl.XMLParser_impl.parse(XMLParser_impl.java:194)
        at org.apache.uima.util.impl.XMLParser_impl.parseAnalysisEngineDescription(XMLParser_impl.java:492)
        at org.apache.uima.util.impl.XMLParser_impl.parseAnalysisEngineDescription(XMLParser_impl.java:473)
        at com.acn.hps.alpes.gi.cip.jsf.AnalyzeFile.getAE(AnalyzeFile.java:198)
        ... 36 more
    Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Content is not allowed in prolog.
        at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
        at org.apache.uima.util.impl.XMLParser_impl.parse(XMLParser_impl.java:177)
        ... 39 more

我最初认为，由于XML中的任何无效字符而抛出异常，然后遵循此链接（XML - Data At Root Level is Invalid）并确保xml编码时没有BOM（字节顺序标记）。不幸的是，这没有帮助。

任何想法如何摆脱这种异常。

Answer 1

<xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>通常必须是XML文件中的第一件事。没有空格，没有额外的线条。看起来ZipCodeAE.xml可能不符合该要求。

否则，使用调试器来发现问题确实发生在哪个文件中肯定会有所帮助。