使用jquery获取元素相对于视口的位置

时间:2009-10-14 16:05:50

标签: javascript jquery position viewport offset

在页面上相对于视口(而不是文档)获取元素位置的正确方法是什么。 jQuery.offset功能似乎很有希望:

  

获取第一个元素的当前坐标,或设置   每个元素的坐标,在匹配元素集合中,相对的   到文件。

但这与文件有关。是否存在相对于视口返回偏移量的等效方法?

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:275)

确定元素大小和位置的最简单方法是调用它 getBoundingClientRect()方法。此方法返回视口坐标中的元素位置。它期望没有参数并返回一个对象 属性左,右,顶部底部。左侧和顶部属性给出X和Y. 元素左上角的坐标以及右侧和底部属性 给出右下角的坐标。

element.getBoundingClientRect(); // Get position in viewport coordinates

无处不在。

答案 1 :(得分:39)

这里有两个函数来获取页面高度和滚动量(x,y)而不使用(膨胀)维度插件:

// getPageScroll() by quirksmode.com
function getPageScroll() {
    var xScroll, yScroll;
    if (self.pageYOffset) {
      yScroll = self.pageYOffset;
      xScroll = self.pageXOffset;
    } else if (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.scrollTop) {
      yScroll = document.documentElement.scrollTop;
      xScroll = document.documentElement.scrollLeft;
    } else if (document.body) {// all other Explorers
      yScroll = document.body.scrollTop;
      xScroll = document.body.scrollLeft;
    }
    return new Array(xScroll,yScroll)
}

// Adapted from getPageSize() by quirksmode.com
function getPageHeight() {
    var windowHeight
    if (self.innerHeight) { // all except Explorer
      windowHeight = self.innerHeight;
    } else if (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.clientHeight) {
      windowHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight;
    } else if (document.body) { // other Explorers
      windowHeight = document.body.clientHeight;
    }
    return windowHeight
}

答案 2 :(得分:25)

查看Dimensions插件,特别是scrollTop() / scrollLeft()。可以在http://api.jquery.com/scrollTop找到相关信息。

答案 3 :(得分:18)

jQuery.offset需要与scrollTopscrollLeft结合使用,如下图所示:

viewport scroll and element offset

演示:

function getViewportOffset($e) {
  var $window = $(window),
    scrollLeft = $window.scrollLeft(),
    scrollTop = $window.scrollTop(),
    offset = $e.offset(),
    rect1 = { x1: scrollLeft, y1: scrollTop, x2: scrollLeft + $window.width(), y2: scrollTop + $window.height() },
    rect2 = { x1: offset.left, y1: offset.top, x2: offset.left + $e.width(), y2: offset.top + $e.height() };
  return {
    left: offset.left - scrollLeft,
    top: offset.top - scrollTop,
    insideViewport: rect1.x1 < rect2.x2 && rect1.x2 > rect2.x1 && rect1.y1 < rect2.y2 && rect1.y2 > rect2.y1
  };
}
$(window).on("load scroll resize", function() {
  var viewportOffset = getViewportOffset($("#element"));
  $("#log").text("left: " + viewportOffset.left + ", top: " + viewportOffset.top + ", insideViewport: " + viewportOffset.insideViewport);
});
body { margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 1600px; height: 2048px; background-color: #CCCCCC; }
#element { width: 384px; height: 384px; margin-top: 1088px; margin-left: 768px; background-color: #99CCFF; }
#log { position: fixed; left: 0; top: 0; font: medium monospace; background-color: #EEE8AA; }
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<!-- scroll right and bottom to locate the blue square -->
<div id="element"></div>
<div id="log"></div>

答案 4 :(得分:2)

这是一个计算视口中元素当前位置的函数:

/**
 * Calculates the position of a given element within the viewport
 *
 * @param {string} obj jQuery object of the dom element to be monitored
 * @return {array} An array containing both X and Y positions as a number
 * ranging from 0 (under/right of viewport) to 1 (above/left of viewport)
 */
function visibility(obj) {
    var winw = jQuery(window).width(), winh = jQuery(window).height(),
        elw = obj.width(), elh = obj.height(),
        o = obj[0].getBoundingClientRect(),
        x1 = o.left - winw, x2 = o.left + elw,
        y1 = o.top - winh, y2 = o.top + elh;

    return [
        Math.max(0, Math.min((0 - x1) / (x2 - x1), 1)),
        Math.max(0, Math.min((0 - y1) / (y2 - y1), 1))
    ];
}

返回值的计算如下:

用法:

visibility($('#example'));  // returns [0.3742887830933581, 0.6103752759381899]

演示:

function visibility(obj) {var winw = jQuery(window).width(),winh = jQuery(window).height(),elw = obj.width(),
    elh = obj.height(), o = obj[0].getBoundingClientRect(),x1 = o.left - winw, x2 = o.left + elw, y1 = o.top - winh, y2 = o.top + elh; return [Math.max(0, Math.min((0 - x1) / (x2 - x1), 1)),Math.max(0, Math.min((0 - y1) / (y2 - y1), 1))];
}
setInterval(function() {
  res = visibility($('#block'));
  $('#x').text(Math.round(res[0] * 100) + '%');
  $('#y').text(Math.round(res[1] * 100) + '%');
}, 100);
#block { width: 100px; height: 100px; border: 1px solid red; background: yellow; top: 50%; left: 50%; position: relative;
} #container { background: #EFF0F1; height: 950px; width: 1800px; margin-top: -40%; margin-left: -40%; overflow: scroll; position: relative;
} #res { position: fixed; top: 0; z-index: 2; font-family: Verdana; background: #c0c0c0; line-height: .1em; padding: 0 .5em; font-size: 12px;
}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id="res">
  <p>X: <span id="x"></span></p>
  <p>Y: <span id="y"></span></p>
</div>
<div id="container"><div id="block"></div></div>

答案 5 :(得分:0)

我发现自2014年1月起,cballou的答案已不再适用于Firefox。具体来说,if (self.pageYOffset)如果客户端向右滚动但未向下滚动则不会触发 - 因为0是一个虚假的数字。由于Firefox支持document.body.scrollLeft / Top,所以这一点未被发现,但这不再适用于我(在Firefox 26.0上)。

这是我修改过的解决方案:

var getPageScroll = function(document_el, window_el) {
  var xScroll = 0, yScroll = 0;
  if (window_el.pageYOffset !== undefined) {
    yScroll = window_el.pageYOffset;
    xScroll = window_el.pageXOffset;
  } else if (document_el.documentElement !== undefined && document_el.documentElement.scrollTop) {
    yScroll = document_el.documentElement.scrollTop;
    xScroll = document_el.documentElement.scrollLeft;
  } else if (document_el.body !== undefined) {// all other Explorers
    yScroll = document_el.body.scrollTop;
    xScroll = document_el.body.scrollLeft;
  }
  return [xScroll,yScroll];
};

在FF26,Chrome 31,IE11中测试并使用。几乎肯定适用于所有这些版本的旧版本。