创建实例后如何将其强制转换为创建的类型

时间:2013-03-13 02:57:01

标签: c#

说我有一个返回类型的方法:

private Type GetPersonOrOrganisation(someParameter)
{
  either return Person type or Organisation type
}

然后我称之为这个方法:

Type type = GetPersonOrOrganisation(someParameter);

然后我尝试创建一个返回类型的新实例:

var newContact = Activator.CreateInstance(type);

我留下的是newContact是object类型。我想要的是newContact属于Person或Organization类型,具体取决于GetPersonOrOrganisation返回的内容。

有谁知道如何将newContact强制转换为正确的类型?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这绝对有一些代码味道。但也许有一些方法可以解决它。

如果要以相同的方式与他们进行交互,您可能需要考虑人员和组织实施的界面。或者可能是基类,具体取决于您的具体情况。

除此之外,我们可能需要您之后尝试做的事情才能提出建议。如果没有接口(或其他一些基类),您就不能拥有一个可以是这些类型的对象。他们目前唯一的共同点是对象。

根据您的情况,您可以执行一些不同的操作,例如if (newContact is Person) { } else if (newContact is Organisation) { }或类似的操作,但除非您完全坚持使用这些对象和方法,否则它们会真正进入代码的味道是

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您可以从函数返回初始化对象,并使用GetType()和typeof对其进行测试。下面是一个例子(当然蒂姆的例子也会起作用)。

public class Person
{
}
public class Organization
{
}

class Program
{
    // Generate a Person if i == true or Organization if i == false
    static object GetPersonOrOrganization(bool i)
    {
        if (i == true)
        {
            return new Person();
        }
        else
        {
            return new Organization();
        }
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var p = GetPersonOrOrganization(true); // Generates a Person.

        if (p.GetType() == typeof(Person))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Person!"); // This prints.
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Organization");
        }

        var o = GetPersonOrOrganization(false); // Generates an Organization.

        if (o.GetType() == typeof(Person))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Person!");
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Organization!"); // This prints.
        }

        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

答案 2 :(得分:1)

你需要这样的东西:

public interface IPersonOrganization {
}
public class Peron : IPersonOrganization {
}
public class Organization : IPersonOrganization {
}

private IPersonOrganization GetPersonOrganization(bool isPerson) {
  if (isPerson) 
    return new Person();
  else
    return new Organization;
}

答案 3 :(得分:0)

这是一种方式;虽然这假定存在无参数构造函数:

using System;

namespace StackOverflow.Demos
{

    class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            new Program();
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
        private Program()
        {

            Type type = GetPersonOrOrganisation(new Person());
            //object myInstance = GetInstanceOfType(type);
            var myInstance = GetInstanceOfType(type);
            Console.WriteLine(myInstance.ToString());

            type = GetPersonOrOrganisation(new Organization());
            myInstance = GetInstanceOfType(type);
            Console.WriteLine(myInstance.ToString());

        }
        private Type GetPersonOrOrganisation(object what)
        {
            return what.GetType();
        }
        private object GetInstanceOfType(Type type)
        {
            //return type.GetConstructor(new Type[] { }).Invoke(new object[] { });
            return Activator.CreateInstance(type);
        }
    }

    public class Person
    {
        public Person() { }
    }
    public class Organization
    {
        public Organization() { }
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:0)

这是你遇到的问题吗?

public void Demo()
{
    var myInstance = Activator.CreateInstance((new Person()).GetType());
    Console.WriteLine(Test(myInstance));
}
private string Test(object x) //this is the method being called
{ 
    return string.Format("Object - {0}", x.ToString()); 
}
private string Test(Person x) //this is what you were hoping for
{ 
    return string.Format("Person - {0}", x.ToString()); 
}
private string Test(Organization x) 
{ 
    return string.Format("Org - {0}", x.ToString()); 
}

这是一个解决方案(不推荐):

public void Demo()
{
    var myInstance = Activator.CreateInstance((new Person()).GetType());
    Console.WriteLine(Test(myInstance));
}
private string Test(object x) //redirect the call to the right method
{
    if (x is Person)
        return Test(x as Person);
    else
        return Test(x as Organization);
}
private string Test(Person x) { return string.Format("Person - {0}", x.ToString()); } //this is what you were hoping for
private string Test(Organization x) { return string.Format("Org - {0}", x.ToString()); }

更好的解决方案是:

public interface ITestMethod { string Test();}
public class Person : ITestMethod
{
    public Person() { }
    public string Test() { return string.Format("Person - {0}", this.ToString()); }
}
public class Organization : ITestMethod
{
    public Organization() { }
    public string Test() { return string.Format("Org - {0}", this.ToString()); }
}

//...
public void Demo()
{
    var myInstance = Activator.CreateInstance((new Person()).GetType()) as ITestMethod;
    Console.WriteLine(myInstance.Test());
}
//...