我有一个特定的图标文件,它由PNG压缩图像组成,当我尝试加载它并添加到TImageList
时,会引发Out of system resources
异常。
图标文件位于:https://www.dropbox.com/s/toll6jhlwv3cpq0/icon.ico?m
以下是代码,它使用常见类型的图标,但无法使用PNG图像图标:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
Icon: TIcon;
begin
try
Icon := TIcon.Create;
Icon.LoadFromFile('icon.ico');
ImageList1.AddIcon(Icon);
Caption := IntToStr(ImageList1.Count);
finally
Icon.Free;
end;
end;
为什么PNG图片图标格式无法加载Out of system resources
例外?如何将这种图标添加到图像列表?
答案 0 :(得分:11)
问题来源:
在这种情况下,图标是多尺寸图标文件并不重要。图标的位图信息标题以不同的方式在内部读取。您的图标是PNG格式文件图标,没有位图信息标题结构。您获得Out of system resources
异常的原因是因为内部使用的过程需要从图标开始具有TBitmapInfoHeader
结构,然后尝试根据此标头信息创建临时位图。对于你的图标,它的内容如下:
如果仔细观察标题值,可以计算出系统会尝试创建一个位图,其大小为169478669 * 218103808像素,每像素21060 B,至少需要{{3自由记忆: - )
<强> 解决方法: 强>
这当然是不可能的(此时:-)并且恰好是因为PNG文件格式图标没有此位图标题,而是直接包含该位置上的PNG图像。解决这个问题的方法是检查图像数据的前8个字节是否有778.5 EB (exabytes)
,它实际检查是否有PNG图像,如果是,则将其视为PNG图像,否则尝试通过TIcon
对象以通用方式添加图标。
在下面的代码中,ImageListAddIconEx
函数会迭代图标文件中的所有图标,当有一个图标匹配图像列表尺寸时,它会被处理。如果在数据偏移位置上存在PNG图像,则处理首先检查那8个字节,如果是,则将该PNG图像添加到图像列表。如果没有,则通过TIcon
对象以通用方式添加图标。如果成功,此函数返回图像列表中添加图标的索引,否则返回-1:
uses
PNGImage;
type
TIconDirEntry = packed record
bWidth: Byte; // image width, in pixels
bHeight: Byte; // image height, in pixels
bColorCount: Byte; // number of colors in the image (0 if >= 8bpp)
bReserved: Byte; // reserved (must be 0)
wPlanes: Word; // color planes
wBitCount: Word; // bits per pixel
dwBytesInRes: DWORD; // image data size
dwImageOffset: DWORD; // image data offset
end;
TIconDir = packed record
idReserved: Word; // reserved (must be 0)
idType: Word; // resource type (1 for icons)
idCount: Word; // image count
idEntries: array[0..255] of TIconDirEntry;
end;
PIconDir = ^TIconDir;
function ImageListAddIconEx(AImageList: TCustomImageList;
AIconStream: TMemoryStream): Integer;
var
I: Integer;
Data: PByte;
Icon: TIcon;
IconHeader: PIconDir;
Bitmap: TBitmap;
PNGImage: TPNGImage;
PNGStream: TMemoryStream;
const
PNGSignature: array[0..7] of Byte = ($89, $50, $4E, $47, $0D, $0A, $1A, $0A);
begin
// initialize result to -1
Result := -1;
// point to the icon header
IconHeader := AIconStream.Memory;
// iterate all the icons in the icon file
for I := 0 to IconHeader.idCount - 1 do
begin
// if the icon dimensions matches to the image list, then...
if (IconHeader.idEntries[I].bWidth = AImageList.Width) and
(IconHeader.idEntries[I].bHeight = AImageList.Height) then
begin
// point to the stream beginning
Data := AIconStream.Memory;
// point with the Data pointer to the current icon image data
Inc(Data, IconHeader.idEntries[I].dwImageOffset);
// check if the first 8 bytes are PNG image signature; if so, then...
if CompareMem(Data, @PNGSignature[0], 8) then
begin
Bitmap := TBitmap.Create;
try
PNGImage := TPNGImage.Create;
try
PNGStream := TMemoryStream.Create;
try
// set the icon stream position to the current icon data offset
AIconStream.Position := IconHeader.idEntries[I].dwImageOffset;
// copy the whole PNG image from icon data to a temporary stream
PNGStream.CopyFrom(AIconStream,
IconHeader.idEntries[I].dwBytesInRes);
// reset the temporary stream position to the beginning
PNGStream.Position := 0;
// load the temporary stream data to a temporary TPNGImage object
PNGImage.LoadFromStream(PNGStream);
finally
PNGStream.Free;
end;
// assign temporary TPNGImage object to a temporary TBitmap object
Bitmap.Assign(PNGImage);
finally
PNGImage.Free;
end;
// to properly add the bitmap to the image list set the AlphaFormat
// to afIgnored, see e.g. http://stackoverflow.com/a/4618630/960757
// if you don't have TBitmap.AlphaFormat property available, simply
// comment out the following line
Bitmap.AlphaFormat := afIgnored;
// and finally add the temporary TBitmap object to the image list
Result := AImageList.Add(Bitmap, nil);
finally
Bitmap.Free;
end;
end
// the icon is not PNG type icon, so load it to a TIcon object
else
begin
// reset the position of the input stream
AIconStream.Position := 0;
// load the icon and add it to the image list in a common way
Icon := TIcon.Create;
try
Icon.LoadFromStream(AIconStream);
Result := AImageList.AddIcon(Icon);
finally
Icon.Free;
end;
end;
// break the loop to exit the function
Break;
end;
end;
end;
用法:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
Index: Integer;
Stream: TMemoryStream;
begin
Stream := TMemoryStream.Create;
try
Stream.LoadFromFile('d:\Icon.ico');
Index := ImageListAddIconEx(ImageList1, Stream);
if (Index <> -1) then
ImageList1.Draw(Canvas, 8, 8, Index);
finally
Stream.Free;
end;
end;
<强> 结论: 强>
我想说如果微软建议使用PNG图标格式(从Windows Vista开始支持),可以更新ReadIcon
中的Graphics.pas
程序来考虑这一点。
需要阅读的内容: