Question

我认为smallIndex，index和temp都有值，所以我不确定为什么会收到错误。任何人都可以向我解释为什么会这样吗？错误消息是：

线程“main”中的异常java.lang.NullPointerException

public class LinkedList
{
  public class LinkedListNode
  {
     public int info;
     public LinkedListNode next;
     public LinkedListNode back;

     public LinkedListNode()
     {
        info = 0;
        next = null;
        back = null;
     }
     public LinkedListNode(int item)
     {
        info = item;
        next = null;
        back = null;
     }
     public void displayInfo()
     {
        System.out.print(info + " ");
     }
  }
  protected int count;
  protected LinkedListNode first;
  protected LinkedListNode last;

  public LinkedList()
  {
     first = null;
     last = null;
     count = 0;
  }
  public void initializeList()
  {
     first = null;
     last = null;
     count = 0;
  }
  public boolean isEmpty()
  {
     return (first == null);
  }
  public int length()
  {
     return count;
  }
  public void print()
  {
     LinkedListNode current = first;
     while (current != null)
     {
        current.displayInfo();
        current = current.next;
     }
  }
  public void insertNode(int insertItem)
  {
     LinkedListNode newNode = new LinkedListNode(insertItem);
     if (isEmpty())
     {
        first = newNode;
        last = newNode;
        count++;
     }
     else
     {
        last.next = newNode;
        newNode.back = last;
     }
     last = newNode;
  }
  public LinkedListNode partition(LinkedList list,
  LinkedListNode first, LinkedListNode last)
  {
     LinkedListNode smallIndex = first;
     LinkedListNode index = smallIndex.next;
     LinkedListNode temp = new LinkedListNode();
     int pivot = first.info;

     while (index != last.next)
     {
        if((index.info) < pivot)
        {
           smallIndex = smallIndex.next;
           temp.info = index.info;
           index.info = smallIndex.info;
           smallIndex.info = temp.info;
        }
        index = index.next;
     }
     temp.info = first.info;
     first.info = smallIndex.info;
     smallIndex.info = temp.info;
     System.out.print("The list after QuickSort is: "); 
     list.print();
     System.out.print("\n");
     return smallIndex;
  }
  public void recQuickSort(LinkedList list, LinkedListNode first,
  LinkedListNode last)
  {
     while(first != last)
     {
        LinkedListNode pivotLocation = partition(list, first, last);
        recQuickSort(list, first, pivotLocation.back);
        recQuickSort(list, pivotLocation.next, last);
     }
  }
  public void quickSortLinkedList(LinkedList list)
  {
     recQuickSort(list, list.first, list.last);
  }

}



import java.util.*;

public class testLinkedListQuickSort
{
  static Scanner console = new Scanner(System.in);

  public static void main(String[] args) 
  {
     LinkedList linkedlist = new LinkedList();
     int num;

     System.out.println("Enter numbers to add to linked list:");
     num = console.nextInt();
     while (num != 0)
     {
        linkedlist.insertNode(num);
        num = console.nextInt();
     }
     linkedlist.quickSortLinkedList(linkedlist);
     linkedlist.print();
  }
}

Answer 1

关于您的评论：您使用

调用分区

recQuickSort(list, first, pivotLocation.back);

如果pivotLocation.back为null，那么使用last == null调用分区方法会导致您的NPE。

Answer 2

在partition()方法中，您没有对null值进行太多检查。例如，如果smallIndex，index，temp或last为null，则会爆炸。还有first，如果它是null，会导致NPE。

确保在递归调用中传递的内容不是空节点是一个好主意。我没有看到很多检查。

Answer 3

当您尝试访问没有值的参考时，会出现

NullPointerException。

或者在调用null对象的实例方法并访问或修改null对象的字段时。

或者将null传递给期望实际值的方法。这意味着说空对象是非法使用的。

我没有多看你的代码，但为了解决这个问题，确定哪个Object实例为null并导致问题。您需要修改代码才能添加正确的空检查验证

我无法弄清楚如何修复错误NullPointerException

3 个答案: