Question

我正在使用Quartz with Java来安排工作。有一件事是我将cron表达式存储在数据库中，我想将它们呈现给用户，但是更具可读性。所以我想知道是否有一个实用程序可以将cron表达式转换为人类可读的字符串。类似的东西：

“”0 30 10-13？ * WED，FRI“ 会变成 “每周三和周五10：30,11：30,12：30和13:30开火。”

Answer 1

将cron表达式转换为人类可读字符串的Java库：https://github.com/RedHogs/cron-parser

Answer 2

是的，我确实理解了你的问题。但我应该更好地解释我的答案。

不，我不知道任何可以帮助您以“人类”可读形式获得cron表达的工具。但是通过访问CronExpression，您可以创建自己的。

尝试拨打

cronTrigger.getExpressionSummary()

关于cron表达式：

"0/2 * * 4 * ?"

它返回以下字符串：

seconds: 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,28,30,32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48,50,52,54,56,58
minutes: *
hours: *
daysOfMonth: 4
months: *
daysOfWeek: ?
lastdayOfWeek: false
nearestWeekday: false
NthDayOfWeek: 0
lastdayOfMonth: false
calendardayOfWeek: false
calendardayOfMonth: false
years: *

通过访问CronExpression对象，您可以创建自己的“人类”表达式。

Answer 3

cron-utils可能对此任务有用，因为它提供了人类可读的描述，并且不需要完全成熟的调度程序来提供它们。有详细记录并支持多种cron格式。

以下文档中的代码段：

//create a descriptor for a specific Locale
CronDescriptor descriptor = CronDescriptor.instance(Locale.UK);

//parse some expression and ask descriptor for description
String description = descriptor.describe(parser.parse("*/45 * * * * *"));
//description will be: "every 45 seconds"

Answer 4

这是我开始的一个。它使用我的用户（可能）理解的语言。

对于今天的令牌，对于像'1,13,16-23，L'这样的令牌混合物来说，它不会那么好，但希望，在我的用户变得那么复杂之前，我会有一些时间花在它上面：

package com.tacteonltd.control.cron;

import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import com.tacteonltd.control.string.STRING;
import com.tacteonltd.control.time.TIME;

public class CRON {
    public static String humanReadable(String value){
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        try{
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, " ", false);
            humanizeSeconds(tokens.nextToken(), sb);sb.append("\n");
            humanizeMinutes(tokens.nextToken(), sb);sb.append("\n");
            humanizeHours(tokens.nextToken(), sb);sb.append("\n");
            String dom = tokens.nextToken();
            String month = tokens.nextToken();
            String dow = tokens.nextToken();
            humanizeDOMs(dom, dow, sb);sb.append("\n");
            humanizeMonths(month, sb);sb.append("\n");
            humanizeDOWs(dow, dom, sb);
        }catch(Throwable t){
            t.printStackTrace();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
    private static void humanizeDOWs(String value, String dom, StringBuffer sb){
        value=value.trim();
        if(STRING.isNumeric(value)){
            sb.append("and the " + value + postFix(value) + " day-of-the-week("+TIME.getWeekDayName(Integer.parseInt(value))+"). "); 
        }
        else if(value.equals("*"))
        {
            sb.append("and every day-of-the-week. ");
        }
        else if(value.equals("?"))
        {
            sb.append("and whatever day-of-the-week it is for day"+(STRING.isNumeric(dom) ? "":"s")+"-of-the-month :"+(STRING.isNumeric(dom) ? dom:"that match"+(STRING.isNumeric(dom) ? "es":"")+" " + dom + "."));
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("/")>-1){
            String first = value.substring(0, value.indexOf("/"));
            String every = value.substring(value.indexOf("/") + 1);
            sb.append("and the " + first + postFix(first) + " day-of-the-week and every " + every + " day" + (Integer.parseInt(every) == 1 ? "":"s") + " following. "); 
        }
        else if(value.indexOf(",")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, ",", false);
            sb.append("and the following days of the week: ");
            int added = 0;
            while(tokens.hasMoreTokens()){
                String token = tokens.nextToken();
                sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + token);added++;
            }
            sb.append(".");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("-")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, "-", false);
            sb.append("and for every day of the week from " + tokens.nextToken() + " through " + tokens.nextToken() + ". ");
        }
        else {
            sb.append("and the following days of the week: " + value + ".");
        }
    }
    private static void humanizeMonths(String value, StringBuffer sb){
        value=value.trim();
        if(STRING.isNumeric(value)){
            sb.append("the " + value + postFix(value) + " month("+TIME.getMonthName(Integer.parseInt(value))+"), "); 
        }
        else if(value.equals("*"))
        {
            sb.append("every month, ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("/")>-1){
            String first = value.substring(0, value.indexOf("/"));
            String every = value.substring(value.indexOf("/") + 1);
            sb.append("the " + first + postFix(first) + " month("+TIME.getMonthName(Integer.parseInt(value))+") and every " + every + " month" + (Integer.parseInt(every) == 1 ? "":"s") + " following, "); 
        }
        else if(value.indexOf(",")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, ",", false);
            sb.append("the following months: ");
            int added = 0;
            while(tokens.hasMoreTokens()){
                sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + tokens.nextToken());added++;
            }
        }
    }
    private static void humanizeDOMs(String value, String dow, StringBuffer sb){
        value=value.trim();
        if(STRING.isNumeric(value)){
            sb.append("the " + value + postFix(value) + " day-of-the-month, "); 
        }
        else if(value.equals("*"))
        {
            sb.append("every day-of-the-month, ");
        }
        else if(value.equals("?"))
        {
            sb.append("whatever day-of-the-month falls upon " + dow + " , ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("-")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, "-", false);
            String from = tokens.nextToken();
            String through = tokens.nextToken();
            int year = TIME.getYear(System.currentTimeMillis());
            int month = TIME.getMonth(System.currentTimeMillis());
            String last_dom = "" + TIME.getLastDOM(year, month);
            sb.append("for every day of the month from " + from + " through " + (through.equals("L") ? "the last("+year +"." +month + "."+last_dom+")":through) );
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("/")>-1){
            String first = value.substring(0, value.indexOf("/"));
            String every = value.substring(value.indexOf("/") + 1);
            sb.append("the " + first + postFix(first) + " day-of-the-month and every " + every + " day" + (Integer.parseInt(every) == 1 ? "":"s") + " following, "); 
        }
        else if(value.indexOf(",")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, ",", false);
            sb.append("the following days of the month: ");
            int added = 0;
            while(tokens.hasMoreTokens()){
                String token = tokens.nextToken();
                if(token.equals("L")){
                    int year = TIME.getYear(System.currentTimeMillis());
                    int month = TIME.getMonth(System.currentTimeMillis());
                    String last_dom = "" + TIME.getLastDOM(year, month);
                    sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + "the last("+year +"." +month + "."+last_dom+")");
                }
                else{
                    sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + token);added++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    private static void humanizeSeconds(String value, StringBuffer sb){
        value=value.trim();
        if(STRING.isNumeric(value)){
            sb.append("on the " + value + postFix(value) + " second, "); 
        }
        else if(value.equals("*"))
        {
            sb.append("on every second, ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("/")>-1){
            String first = value.substring(0, value.indexOf("/"));
            String every = value.substring(value.indexOf("/") + 1);
            sb.append("on the " + first + postFix(first) + " second and every " + every + " second" + (Integer.parseInt(every) == 1 ? "":"s") + " following, "); 
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("-")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, "-", false);
            sb.append("for every second from " + tokens.nextToken() + " through " + tokens.nextToken() + " ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf(",")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, ",", false);
            sb.append("on the following seconds: ");
            int added = 0;
            while(tokens.hasMoreTokens()){
                sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + tokens.nextToken());added++;
            }
        }
    }
    private static void humanizeMinutes(String value, StringBuffer sb){
        value=value.trim();
        if(STRING.isNumeric(value)){
            sb.append("the " + value + postFix(value) + " minute, "); 
        }
        else if(value.equals("*"))
        {
            sb.append("every minute, ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("/")>-1){
            String first = value.substring(0, value.indexOf("/"));
            String every = value.substring(value.indexOf("/") + 1);
            sb.append("the " + first + postFix(first) + " minute and every " + every + " minute" + (Integer.parseInt(every) == 1 ? "":"s") + " following, "); 
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("-")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, "-", false);
            sb.append("for every minute from " + tokens.nextToken() + " through " + tokens.nextToken() + " ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf(",")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, ",", false);
            sb.append("the following minutes: ");
            int added = 0;
            while(tokens.hasMoreTokens()){
                sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + tokens.nextToken());added++;
            }
        }
    }
    private static void humanizeHours(String value, StringBuffer sb){
        value=value.trim();
        if(STRING.isNumeric(value)){
            sb.append("the " + value + postFix(value) + " hour, "); 
        }
        else if(value.equals("*"))
        {
            sb.append("every hour, ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("/")>-1){
            String first = value.substring(0, value.indexOf("/"));
            String every = value.substring(value.indexOf("/") + 1);
            sb.append("the " + first + postFix(first) + " hour and every " + every + " hour" + (Integer.parseInt(every) == 1 ? "":"s") + " following, "); 
        }
        else if(value.indexOf("-")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, "-", false);
            sb.append("for every hour from " + tokens.nextToken() + " through " + tokens.nextToken() + " ");
        }
        else if(value.indexOf(",")>-1){
            StringTokenizer tokens = new StringTokenizer(value, ",", false);
            sb.append("the following hours: ");
            int added = 0;
            while(tokens.hasMoreTokens()){
                sb.append((added==0 ? "":", ") + tokens.nextToken());added++;
            }
        }
    }
    private static String postFix(String value){
        String post = null; 
            if(value.substring(value.length()-1).equals("1"))post = "st";
            else if(value.substring(value.length()-1).equals("2"))post = "nd";
            else if(value.substring(value.length()-1).equals("3"))post = "rd";
            else post="th";
        return post;
    }
}

Answer 5

CronTrigger从cron表达式String创建一个CronExpression对象。但你无法访问它。但是通过使用反射你可以：

Class c = cronTrigger.getClass();
Field f = c.getDeclaredField("cronEx");
f.setAccessible(true);
CronExpression cronEx = (CronExpression) f.get(cronTrigger);

Cron到人类可读的字符串

5 个答案: