关于单元测试的对象状态

时间:2012-08-30 21:12:09

标签: c# java unit-testing junit nunit

我有以下课程:

class UserValidator{

     // no constructor , default is fine. 

     void Validate(Request request, Response response){
        // some validation logic on request
        // if fails, add the message to response.
     }

}

同样,我也可以这样做:

class UserValidator{

     private Request request;
     private Response response;

     UserValidator(Request _request, Response _response)
     {
         request = _request;
         response = _response;
     }

     void Validate(){
        // some validation logic for request
        // if fails, add the message to response.
     }

}

测试哪一个更优选?我可以说第二个UserValidator类有一个状态,因此更容易测试,而第一个没有状态,更难测试?事实上第一个也可以是一个静态类的事实,它不能传递给其他方法,但如果静态调用它就会起作用。

哪一个在可测试性方面更好?哪一个包含国家?哪个更理想?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

只有第二个包含州。

就个人而言,我会静态地使用第一个,比如

class UserValidator{

     private UserValidator() { } // no constructor

     public static void Validate(Request request, Response response){
        // some validation logic on request
        // if fails, add the message to response.
     }

}

但是,存储结果有一个优点 - 您可以反复运行它而无需实际运行它。

class UserValidator {
    public static enum ValidatorState { NOT_RUN, PASSED, FAILED }
    private ValidatorState state = NOT_RUN;
    private final Request request;
    private final Response response;
    public UserValidator(Request request, Response response) {
        this.request = request;
        this.response = response;
    }
    public ValidatorState validate() {
        if(state != NOT_RUN) return state;
        if(blah blah)
            state = PASSED;
        else
            state = FAILED;
        return state;
    }
}

要获得各种验证器的列表,您需要某种接口来执行此操作。

public interface Validator {
    boolean validate(Request request, Response response);
}

然后,您将创建一个包含所有验证的静态方法库。请注意,这些是由示例组成的,但包含一些现实世界的逻辑。

public class ValidationLibrary {
    private ValidationLibrary() { }
    public boolean validateUsername(Request request, Response response) {
        String name = request.getProperty("username");
        if(name.length() < 3) return false;
        if(name.length() > 12) return false;
        if(name.equals(name.reverse()) return false; // who knows?
        return true;
    }
    public boolean validateSecurity(Request request, Response response) {
        // what page is the user trying to reach?
        SecurityRealm realm = SecurityRealm.realmForPage(request.getProperty("page"));
        String username = request.getProperty("name");
        return realm.allows(username);
    }
}

稍后如果您需要多个验证器,则可以执行此操作

List<Validator> validators = new ArrayList<Validator>();
validators.add(new Validator(){ 
    public boolean validate(Request req, Response res) { ValidationLibrary.validateUsername(req,res); } 
});
validators.add(new Validator(){ 
    public boolean validate(Request req, Response res) { ValidationLibrary.validateSecurity(req,res); } 
});

然后,当您收到请求时,您只需执行此操作即可验证它:

for(Validator v : validators) if(!v.validate(request,response)) return false;