Question

我正在关注这个post以制作一个ipython规则所有的虚拟现实。

根据我的理解，这篇文章的主要思想是，在virtualenv中，ipython无法找到它的模块。

(a-virtualenv)me@pc:~$ ipython
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ipython", line 19, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import launch_new_instance
ImportError: No module named IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp

要解决此问题，我将其添加到我的/ usr / bin / ipython

import sys
if "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages" not in sys.path:
    sys.path.append("/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages")

这个技巧适用于Balthazar。但就我而言，我得到了这个

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ipython", line 18, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import launch_new_instance
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 46, in <module>
    from .frontend.terminal.embed import embed
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/frontend/terminal/embed.py", line 37, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import load_default_config
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/frontend/terminal/ipapp.py", line 38, in <module>
    from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/core/completer.py", line 84, in <module>
    from IPython.utils import generics
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/generics.py", line 19, in <module>
    from IPython.external.simplegeneric import generic
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/external/simplegeneric/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from _simplegeneric import *
ImportError: No module named _simplegeneric

我想也许我应该在/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/external中将sys.path添加到/usr/bin/ipython。我得到的是

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ipython", line 18, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import launch_new_instance
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 43, in <module>
    from .config.loader import Config
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/config/loader.py", line 27, in <module>
    from IPython.utils.path import filefind, get_ipython_dir
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/path.py", line 24, in <module>
    from IPython.utils.process import system
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/process.py", line 27, in <module>
    from ._process_posix import _find_cmd, system, getoutput, arg_split
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/_process_posix.py", line 27, in <module>
    from IPython.utils import text
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/text.py", line 27, in <module>
    from IPython.external.path import path
ImportError: cannot import name path

此错误发生在IPython/__init__py的第43行，但前一行发生在第46行。

如何让ipython与virtualenv一起使用？
如何将/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/external添加到sys.path会导致新错误？
我应该阅读什么才能更好地理解python导入路径？

谢谢！

PS：普通的IPython sys.path

['',
 '/usr/bin',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',
 '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-installer',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/extensions']

Answer 1

IPython现在似乎有用了！

因为ipython找不到simplegeneric。我试图找到simplegeneric，发现simplegeneric在'/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7'中。在添加'/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7'之后，ipython工作正常。

Jeff Tratner的评论确实有帮助！

Answer 2

如果您使用ipython3安装apt-get，则不会遇到任何问题。

您应该在终端上输入ipython，而不是ipython3。

对于Python 2，请使用ipython2。

Answer 3

对路径进行更改并没有任何帮助。然而，作为一个超级用户运行ipython工作（虽然我并不为此感到自豪！）

sudo ipython

Answer 4

pip install ipython代替apt-get install ipython。前者安装在virtualenv中，后者安装到你的系统python包中。

Answer 5

我遇到了同样的问题，在我的情况下，原因是目录：/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages在创建虚拟环境时没有添加到路径中（我想知道为什么）

在我的情况下，终端中的以下内容解决了问题：

workon 'your_environment_here'
add2virtualenv /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages

注意：这假设您使用的是virtualenvwrapper

Answer 6

在我的例子中，它是我的自定义Python路径中名为“path”的更高版本的包，它导致了ImportError：

import IPython.external.path as path

请参阅https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/3994

Answer 7

我在一个新的ubuntu主机中经历了一些奇怪的事情，并意识到我在mac上与mbuvirtualenv有不同的行为而不是ubuntu。

我克服了这个不同之处

'mkvirtualenv --system-site-packages mynewenv'

Answer 8

对我来说，解决方案是将升级 IPython从0.13.2升级到目前最新的4.0.0。

Answer 9

类似traceback我成功安装python 3.5.4后遇到了pip 10.0.1和ipython。

line 32, in <module>
from .debugger import TerminalPdb, Pdb
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/terminal/debugger.py", line 6, in <module>
    from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/core/completer.py", line 137, in <module>
    from IPython.utils import generics
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/utils/generics.py", line 8, in <module>
from simplegeneric import generic
ImportError: No module named 'simplegeneric'

更新或安装simplegeneric，即sudo pip install simplegeneric --upgrade我

要求已经是最新的：/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages(0.8.1）中的simplegeneric

经过一些初步试验后，我在google / stackoverflow上搜索，看看是否还有其他人遇到类似问题并发现了这一点。它的@zjk答案可以帮助我找到解决方案。

<强>解决方案：在egg已安装的软件包目录中仅找到python3.5个文件夹。所以我删除了它们并重新安装了simplegeneric。

sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/simplegeneric-0.8.1-py3.5.egg-info/
sudo pip install simplegeneric

之后，ipython就像魅力一样。

N.B：我在系统级安装软件包，这就是sudo所需的原因。

一般来说IPython导入失败和python sys.path

9 个答案: