我正在尝试创建一个删除/ tmp文件夹内容的程序,我在linux上使用C / C ++。
system("exec rm -r /tmp")
删除文件夹中的所有内容,但它也删除了我不想要的文件夹。
有没有办法通过某种bash脚本来做到这一点,通过system()
调用;还是有直接的方式我可以在C / C ++中做到这一点?
我的问题与此类似,但我不在OS X上...... how to delete all files in a folder, but not the folder itself?
答案 0 :(得分:45)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
int main()
{
// These are data types defined in the "dirent" header
DIR *theFolder = opendir("path/of/folder");
struct dirent *next_file;
char filepath[256];
while ( (next_file = readdir(theFolder)) != NULL )
{
// build the path for each file in the folder
sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", "path/of/folder", next_file->d_name);
remove(filepath);
}
closedir(theFolder);
return 0;
}
您不希望通过system()
或类似的东西生成新的shell - 这样做的开销非常简单,并且会对系统上可用的内容做出不必要的假设(和依赖关系)。
答案 1 :(得分:15)
在C / C ++中,您可以这样做:
system("exec rm -r /tmp/*")
在Bash,你可以这样做:
rm -r /tmp/*
这将删除/ tmp中的所有内容,但不删除/ tmp本身。
答案 2 :(得分:3)
通过使用通配符*
字符,您可以删除具有任何类型扩展名的所有文件。
system("exec rm -r /tmp/*")
答案 3 :(得分:3)
你可以做到
system("exec find /tmp -mindepth 1 -exec rm {} ';'");
答案 4 :(得分:1)
在C / C ++中,您可以使用(包括隐藏目录):
system("rm -r /tmp/* /tmp/.*");
system("find /tmp -mindepth 1 -delete");
但是如果'rm'或'find'实用程序不可用于sh ?,那么最好去'ftw'和'remove':
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <ftw.h>
static int remove_cb(const char *fpath, const struct stat *sb, int typeFlag, struct FTW *ftwbuf)
{
if (ftwbuf->level)
remove(fpath);
return 0;
}
int main(void)
{
nftw("./dir", remove_cb, 10, FTW_DEPTH);
return 0;
}
答案 5 :(得分:1)
我意识到这是一个非常古老的问题,但是根据Demitri的优秀答案,我创建了一个函数,如果需要,它将递归删除子文件夹中的文件
它还会执行某些错误处理,因为它会传回errno。编写函数头以供doxygen解析。此函数适用于我使用的简单示例,并删除隐藏文件夹和隐藏文件。
我希望将来可以帮助其他人
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#define SUCCESS_STAT 0
/**
* checks if a specific directory exists
* @param dir_path the path to check
* @return if the path exists
*/
bool dirExists(std::string dir_path)
{
struct stat sb;
if (stat(dir_path.c_str(), &sb) == 0 && S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
return true;
else
return false;
}
/**
* deletes all the files in a folder (but not the folder itself). optionally
* this can traverse subfolders and delete all contents when recursive is true
* @param dirpath the directory to delete the contents of (can be full or
* relative path)
* @param recursive true = delete all files/folders in all subfolders
* false = delete only files in toplevel dir
* @return SUCCESS_STAT on success
* errno on failure, values can be from unlink or rmdir
* @note this does NOT delete the named directory, only its contents
*/
int DeleteFilesInDirectory(std::string dirpath, bool recursive)
{
if (dirpath.empty())
return SUCCESS_STAT;
DIR *theFolder = opendir(dirpath.c_str());
struct dirent *next_file;
char filepath[1024];
int ret_val;
if (theFolder == NULL)
return errno;
while ( (next_file = readdir(theFolder)) != NULL )
{
// build the path for each file in the folder
sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dirpath.c_str(), next_file->d_name);
//we don't want to process the pointer to "this" or "parent" directory
if ((strcmp(next_file->d_name,"..") == 0) ||
(strcmp(next_file->d_name,"." ) == 0) )
{
continue;
}
//dirExists will check if the "filepath" is a directory
if (dirExists(filepath))
{
if (!recursive)
//if we aren't recursively deleting in subfolders, skip this dir
continue;
ret_val = DeleteFilesInDirectory(filepath, recursive);
if (ret_val != SUCCESS_STAT)
{
closedir(theFolder);
return ret_val;
}
}
ret_val = remove(filepath);
//ENOENT occurs when i folder is empty, or is a dangling link, in
//which case we will say it was a success because the file is gone
if (ret_val != SUCCESS_STAT && ret_val != ENOENT)
{
closedir(theFolder);
return ret_val;
}
}
closedir(theFolder);
return SUCCESS_STAT;
}
答案 6 :(得分:0)
答案 7 :(得分:0)
从C ++ 17开始,您可以使用std::filesystem。下面的代码将使用directory_iterator列出目录中的所有文件和子目录,并调用remove_all删除它们:
for alien in aliens_g.sprites():
alien.blit_a()
请注意,这将在基础OS API错误上引发#include <filesystem>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
void delete_dir_content(const fs::path& dir_path) {
for (auto& path: fs::directory_iterator(dir_path)) {
fs::remove_all(path);
}
}
异常。您可以通过以下方法避免这种情况:
filesystem_error