Question

我们有一个时间管理系统，我们的员工或承包商（资源）可以输入他们工作的时间，我们可以从中获得成本。我有一张历史成本表：

CREATE TABLE ResourceTimeTypeCost (
 ResourceCode VARCHAR(32),
 TimeTypeCode VARCHAR(32),
 EffectiveDate DATETIME,
 CostRate DECIMAL(12,2)
)

所以我有一个日期字段标记生效日期。如果我们有一个

的记录

('ResourceA', 'Normal', '2012-04-30', 40.00)

我添加一条

的记录

('ResourceA', 'Normal', '2012-05-04', 50.00)

所以4月30日到5月3日之间的所有时间都是40.00英镑，而4日午夜后的所有时间都是50英镑。我原则上理解这一点，但你如何编写表达这种逻辑的查询？

假设我的时间表如下所示

CREATE TABLE TimeEntered (
 ResourceCode VARCHAR(32),
 TimeTypeCode VARCHAR(32),
 ProjectCode VARCHAR(32),
 ActivityCode VARCHAR(32),
 TimeEnteredDate DATETIME,
 HoursWorked DECIMAL(12,2)
)

如果我将以下记录插入TimeEntered表

('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-04-30',7.5)
('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-01',7.5)
('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-02',7.5)
('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-03',7.5)
('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-04',7.5)
('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-07',7.5)
('ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-08',7.5)

我想获得一个按资源返回总费用的查询

所以在上面的情况下，它将是'ResourceA'，（4 * 7.5 * 40）+（3 * 7.5 * 50）= 2325.00

任何人都可以提供示例SQL查询吗？我知道这个例子没有使用TimeType（即它总是'正常'）但是我想看看它是如何处理的

我无法更改数据库的结构。非常感谢提前

Answer 1

IF OBJECT_ID ('tempdb..#ResourceTimeTypeCost') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #ResourceTimeTypeCost
CREATE TABLE #ResourceTimeTypeCost (  ResourceCode VARCHAR(32),  TimeTypeCode VARCHAR(32),  EffectiveDate DATETIME,  CostRate DECIMAL(12,2) ) 
INSERT INTO #ResourceTimeTypeCost 
SELECT 'ResourceA' as resourcecode, 'Normal' as timetypecode, '2012-04-30' as effectivedate, 40.00 as costrate
UNION ALL
SELECT 'ResourceA', 'Normal', '2012-05-04', 50.00

IF OBJECT_ID ('tempdb..#TimeEntered') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #TimeEntered
CREATE TABLE #TimeEntered (  ResourceCode VARCHAR(32),  TimeTypeCode VARCHAR(32),  ProjectCode VARCHAR(32),  ActivityCode VARCHAR(32),  TimeEnteredDate DATETIME,  HoursWorked DECIMAL(12,2) ) 
INSERT INTO #TimeEntered 
SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-04-30',7.5 
UNION ALL SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-01',7.5 
UNION ALL SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-02',7.5 
UNION ALL SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-03',7.5 
UNION ALL SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-04',7.5 
UNION ALL SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-07',7.5 
UNION ALL SELECT 'ResourceA','Normal','Project1','Management1','2012-05-08',7.5 

;with ranges as
(
select 
resourcecode 
,TimeTypeCode
,EffectiveDate
,costrate
,row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY resourcecode,timetypecode ORDER BY effectivedate ASC) as row
from #ResourceTimeTypeCost 
)
,ranges2 AS
(
SELECT 
r1.resourcecode 
,r1.TimeTypeCode
,r1.EffectiveDate
,r1.costrate
,r1.effectivedate as start_date
,ISNULL(DATEADD(ms,-3,r2.effectivedate),GETDATE()) as end_date
FROM ranges r1
LEFT OUTER JOIN ranges r2 on r2.row = r1.row + 1 --joins onto the next date row
                    AND r2.resourcecode = r1.resourcecode 
                    AND r2.TimeTypeCode = r1.TimeTypeCode
)
SELECT 
tee.resourcecode
,tee.timetypecode
,tee.projectcode
,tee.activitycode
,SUM(ranges2.costrate * tee.hoursworked) as total_cost
FROM #TimeEntered tee
INNER JOIN ranges2 ON tee.TimeEnteredDate >= ranges2.start_date
                    AND tee.TimeEnteredDate <= ranges2.end_date
                    AND tee.resourcecode = ranges2.resourcecode
                    AND tee.timetypecode = ranges2.TimeTypeCode
GROUP BY tee.resourcecode
,tee.timetypecode
,tee.projectcode
,tee.activitycode

Answer 2

你所拥有的是一张成本表，正如有些人所说，它是一个缓慢变化的维度。首先，它将有助于确定成本表的有效和结束日期。我们可以通过以下方式进行自我加入和分组：

with costs as
    (select c.ResourceCode, c.EffectiveDate as effdate,
            dateadd(day, -1, min(c1.EffectiveDate)) as endDate,
            datediff(day, c.EffectiveDate, c1.EffectiveDate) - 1 as Span
     from ResourceTimeTypeCost c left outer join
          ResourceTimeTypeCost c1
     group by c.ResourceCode, c.EffectiveDate
    )

虽然你说你无法改变表结构，但是当你的维度变化缓慢时，有效和结束日期是很好的做法。

现在，您可以将此信息用于TimeEntered，如下所示：

select te.*, c.CostRate * te.HoursWorked as dayCost
from TimeEntered te join
     Costs c
     on te.ResouceCode = c.ResourceCode and
        te.TimeEntered between c.EffDate and c.EndDate

要按资源对给定时间范围进行汇总，完整查询将如下所示：

 with costs as
    (select c.ResourceCode, c.EffectiveDate as effdate,
            dateadd(day, -1, min(c1.EffectiveDate)) as endDate,
            datediff(day, c.EffectiveDate, c1.EffectiveDate) - 1 as Span
     from ResourceTimeTypeCost c left outer join
          ResourceTimeTypeCost c1
     group by c.ResourceCode, c.EffectiveDate
    ),
      te as
    (select te.*, c.CostRate * te.HoursWorked as dayCost
     from TimeEntered te join
          Costs c
          on te.ResouceCode = c.ResourceCode and
             te.TimeEntered between c.EffDate and c.EndDate
    )
select te.ResourceCode, sum(dayCost)
from te
where te.TimeEntered >= <date1> and te.TimeEntered < <date2>

Answer 3

你可以尝试一下。 CROSS APPLY将首先找到具有较旧或相同日期的ResourceTimeTypeCost，并将相同的ResourceCode和TimeTypeCode作为TimeEntered的当前记录。

SELECT te.ResourceCode,
       te.TimeTypeCode,
       te.ProjectCode,
       te.ActivityCode,
       te.TimeEnteredDate,
       te.HoursWorked,
       te.HoursWorked * rttc.CostRate Cost
FROM TimeEntered te 
CROSS APPLY
(
  -- First one only
  SELECT top 1 CostRate
    FROM ResourceTimeTypeCost
   WHERE te.ResourceCode = ResourceTimeTypeCost.ResourceCode
     AND te.TimeTypeCode = ResourceTimeTypeCost.TimeTypeCode
     AND te.TimeEnteredDate >= ResourceTimeTypeCost.EffectiveDate
   -- By most recent date
   ORDER BY ResourceTimeTypeCost.EffectiveDate DESC
) rttc

不幸的是，我再也找不到关于msdn的文章了，因此上面链接中的博客。

Live test @ Sql Fiddle

在预订时间内汇总历史成本率（单个生效日期）

3 个答案: