Question

我的 string-dynamic-array.cpp 文件

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class DynamicArray
{
public:
    DynamicArray()
    : mCapacity(1), mNumberOfElements(0)
    {
        mArray = new std::string[mCapacity];
    }

    DynamicArray(int size)
    : mCapacity(size), mNumberOfElements(0)
    {
        mArray = new std::string[mCapacity];
    }

    DynamicArray(const DynamicArray& array)
    : mCapacity(array.getCapacity()), mNumberOfElements(array.length())
    {
        mArray = new std::string[mCapacity];
        for (size_t i = 0; i < mCapacity; ++i)
        {
            mArray[i] = array.get(i);
        }
    }

    ~DynamicArray()
    {
        delete[] mArray;
    }

    void add(std::string element)
    {
        if (mNumberOfElements >= mCapacity)
        {
            expand();
        }

        mArray[mNumberOfElements++] = element;
    }

    std::string get(int index) const
    {
        if (index > mNumberOfElements)
        {
            std::string exception = std::to_string(index) + " index is out of bounds.";
            
            std::cout << exception;
            return std::string();
        }

        if (index < 0)
        {
            if (mNumberOfElements + index < 0)
            {
                std::string exception = std::to_string(index) + " index result in " + std::to_string(mNumberOfElements + index) + " which is out of bounds.\n";
                
                std::cout << exception;
                return std::string();
            }

            return mArray[mNumberOfElements + index];
        }

        return mArray[index];
    }

    int length() const
    {
        return mNumberOfElements;
    }

    int getCapacity() const
    {
        return mCapacity;
    }
private:
    int mCapacity;
    int mNumberOfElements;
    std::string* mArray;

    void initialize(int from)
    {
        for (size_t i = from; i < mCapacity; ++i)
        {
            mArray[i] = std::string();
        }
    }

    void expand()
    {
        mCapacity *= 2;
        std::string* temporaryArray = new std::string[mCapacity];

        for (size_t i = 0; i < mCapacity; ++i)
        {
            temporaryArray[i] = mArray[i];
        }

        delete[] mArray;

        mArray = temporaryArray;

        initialize(mNumberOfElements);
    }
};

int main()
{
    DynamicArray strings;
    strings.add("Hello");
    strings.add("World");

    for (size_t i = 0; i < strings.length(); ++i)
    {
        std::cout << strings.get(i) << std::endl;
    }
}

我的输出

$ clang++ tests/string-dynamic-array.cpp -o tests/string-dynamic-array && ./tests/string-dynamic-array
[1]    14950 segmentation fault (core dumped)  ./tests/string-dynamic-array

出现分段错误。

据我所知，问题出在我扩展数组的代码中，在 expand() 函数中。我认为它在 for 循环中，因为 for 循环的索引超出了原始数组的边界。

我已经用 int 试过了，它似乎工作正常。我怎样才能用字符串做到这一点？

Answer 1

正如 UnholySheep 评论的那样。我稍微改变了我的 expand 函数，所以循环只运行到旧数组的大小。

更新扩展功能：

    void expand()
    {
        mCapacity *= 2;
        std::string* temporaryArray = new std::string[mCapacity];

        for (size_t i = 0; i < mNumberOfElements; ++i)
        {
            temporaryArray[i] = mArray[i];
        }

        delete[] mArray;

        mArray = temporaryArray;

        initialize(mNumberOfElements);
    }

Answer 2

在“expand”方法中你删除了mArray，然后，你复制了temporaryArray到它，而据我所知，mArray的句柄不再有效。您需要将临时数组的句柄传递给 mArray，以便您可以将其用作新的扩展数组。

使用动态字符串数组的 C++ 分段错误

2 个答案: