使用外键模型 django restframework 创建视图

Question

我对 django restframework 还很陌生。

我正在尝试为具有 foreignKey 的模型创建序列化程序和视图。

模型.py

class Job(models.Model):
  """A Job used to create a job posting"""
  user = models.ForeignKey(
    settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
    on_delete=models.CASCADE,
  )
  description = models.TextField()
  job_type = models.CharField(max_length=12, choices=JOB_TYPE_CHOICES, default='Full-Time')
  city = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  state = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  created_date = models.DateField(auto_now=False, auto_now_add=True)
  salary = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  position = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  employer = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)

  def __str__(self):
    return self.description[:50]


class Applicant(models.Model):
  """A applicant that can apply to a job"""
  job = models.ForeignKey(Job, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
  first_name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  last_name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
  email = models.EmailField(max_length=254)
  phone_number = PhoneNumberField()
  resume = models.FileField(upload_to=resume_file_path, validators=[validate_file_extension])

  def __str__(self):
    return self.first_name

这个想法是 Applicant 将能够应用于 Job。

当 Job 申请工作时，我似乎不知道如何获得 id Applicant。

serializers.py

class JobSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  """Serializer for tag objects"""

  class Meta:
    model = Job
    fields = ('id', 'description', 'job_type', 'city', 'state', 'salary', 'position', 'employer', 'created_date', 'is_active')
    read_only_fields = ('id',)
 

  def create(self, validated_data):
    """Create a job posting with user and return it"""
    return Job.objects.create(**validated_data)


class ApplyJobSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  """Serializer for applying to jobs"""

  class Meta:
    model = Applicant
    fields = ('id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'phone_number', 'resume')
    read_only_fields = ('id',)

views.py

class ApplyJobView(generics.CreateAPIView):
  """Allows applicants to apply for jobs"""
  serializer_class = serializers.ApplyJobSerializer

下面是我的 http://localhost:8000/api/jobPosting/apply/ 网址的图片

我不知道如何将 Jobs 作为选项引入我的视图中，以便获取 id 字段。

当 POST

出现以下错误

null value in column "job_id" violates not-null constraint

Answer 1

您没有在序列化程序字段中传递作业字段。试试这个：

class ApplyJobSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  """Serializer for applying to jobs"""

  class Meta:
    model = Applicant
    fields = ('id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'phone_number', 'resume', 'job')
    read_only_fields = ('id',)