你如何在Heroku上运行rspec和黄瓜？

Question

我希望能够在Heroku的临时应用程序上运行rspec和cucumber。我有一个单独的生产应用程序，我将我的开发分支推送到staging和我的主分支到生产。

我已将RACK_ENV变量设置为'staging'，并且还添加了staging.rb配置文件。

在本地运行rspec和黄瓜：

使用命令

在本地运行rspec和黄瓜

$ rspec spec 

...

$ cucumber features

在Heroku登台应用上运行rspec

问题是我不能让他们在我的Heroku登台应用程序上运行。我知道在Heroku上使用rspec的正确方法是：

$ heroku rake spec --remote staging

每当我运行此操作时，我会收到以下错误：

rake aborted!
You have a nil object when you didn't expect it!
You might have expected an instance of Array.
The error occurred while evaluating nil.[]
/app/.bundle/gems/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.0.7/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:429:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `call'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `block in execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:595:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:605:in `block in invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:594:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:581:in `invoke'
/app/.bundle/gems/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.0.7/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:460:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `call'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `block in execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:595:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:605:in `block in invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:594:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:581:in `invoke'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2041:in `invoke_task'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2019:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2019:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2019:in `block in top_level'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2058:in `standard_exception_handling'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2013:in `top_level'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:1992:in `run'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/bin/rake:31:in `<main>'
(in /app)

在Heroku登台应用上运行黄瓜

类似地：

$ heroku rake cucumber --remote staging

结果：

rake aborted!
You have a nil object when you didn't expect it!
You might have expected an instance of Array.
The error occurred while evaluating nil.[]
/app/.bundle/gems/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.0.7/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:429:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `call'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `block in execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:595:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:605:in `block in invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:594:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:581:in `invoke'
/app/.bundle/gems/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.0.7/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:460:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `call'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:634:in `block in execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:629:in `execute'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:595:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:605:in `block in invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:594:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:605:in `block in invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:602:in `invoke_prerequisites'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:594:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:201:in `mon_synchronize'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:588:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:581:in `invoke'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2041:in `invoke_task'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2019:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2019:in `each'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2019:in `block in top_level'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2058:in `standard_exception_handling'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:2013:in `top_level'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rake.rb:1992:in `run'
/usr/ruby1.9.2/bin/rake:31:in `<main>'
(in /app)

问题显然与数据库有关，但我不确定如何解决它。

Answer 1

问题是测试使用单独的数据库，而不是运行应用程序的数据库。这个第二个数据库你没有得到Heroku。有关类似问题的答案，请参阅Running Rails unit tests on Heroku。