不能通过keyPressEvent使用QPlainTextEdit中的其他键

时间:2019-12-30 20:23:42

标签: python pyqt5

我正在尝试在QPlainTextEdit小部件上安装keyPressEvent,这样在键入时,我会正常键入内容,当我按Enter键时,它将在QPlainTextEdit中添加文本。我需要Qt Designer创建的文件QtDes.py和另一个文件QtTextEvent.py。这些是我的文件:

QtDes.py:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'QtDes.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.13.1
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt5 import QtGui, QtWidgets, QtCore

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Ui_MainWindow, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.exactAns = ""
        self.approxAns = 0

    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 569)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
        self.plainTextEdit = QtWidgets.QPlainTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Courier New")
        self.plainTextEdit.setFont(font)
        self.plainTextEdit.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy(QtCore.Qt.ScrollBarAsNeeded)
        self.plainTextEdit.setTabChangesFocus(False)
        self.plainTextEdit.setLineWrapMode(QtWidgets.QPlainTextEdit.NoWrap)
        self.plainTextEdit.setOverwriteMode(False)
        self.plainTextEdit.setTabStopWidth(40)
        self.plainTextEdit.setTabStopDistance(40.0)
        self.plainTextEdit.setObjectName("plainTextEdit")
        self.plainTextEdit.appendPlainText("First Line: ")

        self.plainTextEdit.keyPressEvent = self.keyPressEvent

        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.plainTextEdit, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 21))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

和QtTextEvent.py:

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

from QtDes import Ui_MainWindow

class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.setupUi(self)

    def keyPressEvent(self, event):
        if event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Return or event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter:
            print("Enter pressed")
            self.plainTextEdit.appendPlainText("New Line: ")
        else:
            super(MainWindow, self).keyPressEvent(event)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MainWindow()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

按Enter键即可完成操作,但按其他按钮不起作用。我从this questionthis question那里得到了答案。我的实现出现问题了,我该如何解决?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

说明:

keyPressEvent方法实现了当您按下某个键,但是您要为其分配另一个未实现此逻辑的keyPressEvent(来自QMainWindow)时,即不添加文本的任务,即向QPlaintTextEdit中添加文本。因此,将一种方法分配给另一种方法是不正确的,因为您删除了小部件默认情况下的行为。

解决方案:

在您的情况下,只需要听键盘,并且如果您按Enter或Return键然后添加文本,然后听一个事件,则只需要一个事件过滤器即可。

为此,您必须删除QtDes.py文件中的self.plainTextEdit.keyPressEvent = self.keyPressEvent。还可以在QtTextEvent.py文件中实现事件过滤器:

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

from QtDes import Ui_MainWindow


class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.plainTextEdit.installEventFilter(self)

    def eventFilter(self, obj, event):
        if obj is self.plainTextEdit and event.type() == QtCore.QEvent.KeyPress:
            if event.key() in (QtCore.Qt.Key_Return, QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter):
                print("Enter pressed")
                self.plainTextEdit.appendPlainText("New Line: ")
                return True
        return super(MainWindow, self).eventFilter(obj, event)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys

    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MainWindow()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

另一种可能的解决方案是从QPlainTextEdit继承并覆盖keyPressEvent方法。

plaintextedit.py

class PlainTextEdit(QtWidgets.QPlainTextEdit):
    def keyPressEvent(self, event):
        if event.key() in (QtCore.Qt.Key_Return, QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter):
            print("Enter pressed")
            self.appendPlainText("New Line: ")
            return
        super(PlainTextEdit, self).keyPressEvent(event)

然后您更改为:

QtDes.py

from plaintextedit import PlainTextEdit
# ...
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        # ...
        self.plainTextEdit = PlainTextEdit(self.centralwidget)
        # ...

(您也可以promote it,如我在此答案中指出的那样)

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您不能“安装keyPressEvent”,即使可以,也无法使用您的方法。

这样做:

self.plainTextEdit.keyPressEvent = self.keyPressEvent

您实际上正在执行以下操作:

mainWindowInstance.plainTextEdit.keyPress = mainWindowInstance.keyPressEvent

结果是该事件将不会被plainTextEdit接收,但是会被主窗口接收,并且由于事件总是在不处理的情况下被发送回父对象,因此不会发生任何其他事情。

一种理论上的解决方案是改为针对QPlainTextEdit小部件调用基类实现:

    def keyPressEvent(self, event):
        if event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Return or event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter:
            print("Enter pressed")
            self.plainTextEdit.appendPlainText("New Line: ")
        else:
            QtWidgets.QPlainTextEdit.keyPressEvent(self.plainTextEdit, event)

请注意,我没有致电self.plainTextEdit.keyPressEvent(event),因为这会导致递归。

这个想法无论如何都不是好主意,因为这样也将覆盖QMainWindow keyPressEvent(如果需要它可能会出现问题,但这不是重点)。

有两种可能的(以及更多“优雅”的)解决方案:

1。子类QPlainTextEdit并在Designer中对其进行升级

此方法允许您在设计器中创建UI并为自定义窗口小部件设置基本参数,您可以使用自己的代码进行扩展;有关该过程的说明,请参见this answer

使用此方法,您可以执行以下操作:

class MyTextEdit(QtWidget.QPlainTextEdit):
    def keyPressEvent(self, event):
        if event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Return or event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter:
            print("Enter pressed")
            self.appendPlainText("New Line: ")
        else:
            super().keyPressEvent(event)

额外的优势在于,这样,代码也更加简洁,易于实现。

2。在小部件上安装事件过滤器

事件过滤器能够“拦截”小部件接收的任何 事件,并可能对其做出反应。在您的情况下,可能是这样的:

class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.plainTextEdit.installEventFilter(self)

    def eventFilter(self, source, event):
        if (event.type() == QtCore.QEvent.KeyPress and 
            event.key() in (QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter, QtCore.Qt.Key_Return)):
                # ensure that the widget receives the key event
                super().eventFilter(source, event)
                print("Enter pressed")
                self.plainTextEdit.appendPlainText("New Line: ")
                # the event is accepted and not sent to its ancestors
                return True
        return super().eventFilter(source, event)