获取Java中特定网络接口的名称

时间:2019-10-30 19:11:32

标签: java jvm network-programming network-interface

我正在使用Windows 10,我想在计算机上插入一个设备(该计算机创建了一个名为“ Ethernet 12”和描述为“ foobar”的新网络接口),并能够设置该接口的IP地址使用Java。使用以下链接:Change Computer IP address using JAVA,我可以配置接口的IP地址。我遇到的问题是,在Java中,我无法检索由设备创建的接口的名称。从找到的文档中,我执行了以下操作:

    Enumeration<NetworkInterface> networkInterfaces =  NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();

    while(networkInterfaces.hasMoreElements())
    {
        NetworkInterface networkInterface = networkInterfaces.nextElement();

        if (networkInterface.isUp())
            System.out.println("Display name: " + networkInterface.getDisplayName() + "\nName: " + networkInterface.getName() + "\nAddress: " + networkInterface.getInterfaceAddresses().get(0));
    }

并得到以下结果:

    Display name: foobar
    Name: eth15
    Address 111.116.15.4

我希望这个名称是“ Ethernet 12”而不是“ eth15”,这似乎没有任何意义。我在所有其他接口(wifi,以太网等)上都注意到了相同的情况。由于我需要接口的真实名称(以太网12)来使用netsh配置IP地址(而不是像“ eth15”这样的随机地址),因此我陷入了困境...

是否有我将“ eth15”作为接口名称的原因?

谢谢

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

  

我为什么要使用“ eth15”作为接口名称?

这需要一些挖掘。在Java世界中,java.net.NetworkInterface::getNetworkInterfaces()枚举了NetworkInterfaces,它称为本地 java.net.NetworkInterface::getAll()

我们可以在OpenJDK 11 here中找到getAll()的本地源代码,在其中找到以下注释:

/*
 * Windows implementation of the java.net.NetworkInterface native methods.
 * This module provides the implementations of getAll, getByName, getByIndex,
 * and getByAddress.
 *
 * Interfaces and addresses are enumerated using the IP helper routines
 * GetIfTable, GetIfAddrTable resp. These routines are available on Windows
 * 98, NT SP+4, 2000, and XP. They are also available on Windows 95 if
 * IE is upgraded to 5.x.
 *
 * Windows does not have any standard for device names so we are forced
 * to use our own convention which is based on the normal Unix naming
 * convention ("lo" for the loopback, eth0, eth1, .. for ethernet devices,
 * tr0, tr1, .. for token ring, and so on). This convention gives us
 * consistency across multiple Windows editions and also consistency with
 * Solaris/Linux device names. Note that we always enumerate in index
 * order and this ensures consistent device number across invocations.
 */

因此,曾几何时,当Windows 95还是一个东西时,有人决定不读取实际的Windows接口名称,而是使用“我们自己的约定”。为什么?不知道。我本来希望分别得到一个deviceName()和一个ourOwnConventionWhichHasNothingToDoWithTheActualNameDeviceName(),但不幸的是没有得到我的咨询。

基础Windows API调用GetIfTable确实以MIB_IFROW数组的形式返回每个接口的名称:

typedef struct _MIB_IFROW {
  WCHAR                   wszName[MAX_INTERFACE_NAME_LEN];
  IF_INDEX                dwIndex;
  IFTYPE                  dwType;
  DWORD                   dwMtu;
  DWORD                   dwSpeed;
  DWORD                   dwPhysAddrLen;
  UCHAR                   bPhysAddr[MAXLEN_PHYSADDR];
  DWORD                   dwAdminStatus;
  INTERNAL_IF_OPER_STATUS dwOperStatus;
  DWORD                   dwLastChange;
  DWORD                   dwInOctets;
  DWORD                   dwInUcastPkts;
  DWORD                   dwInNUcastPkts;
  DWORD                   dwInDiscards;
  DWORD                   dwInErrors;
  DWORD                   dwInUnknownProtos;
  DWORD                   dwOutOctets;
  DWORD                   dwOutUcastPkts;
  DWORD                   dwOutNUcastPkts;
  DWORD                   dwOutDiscards;
  DWORD                   dwOutErrors;
  DWORD                   dwOutQLen;
  DWORD                   dwDescrLen;
  UCHAR                   bDescr[MAXLEN_IFDESCR];
} MIB_IFROW, *PMIB_IFROW;

JVM似乎先read this array,然后generate an "appropriate" name,最后是override the OS-provided name with the generated one

简而言之,实现似乎并没有改变很多年,并且如果不创建一个全新的API,现在就不可能更改。否则,您有可能会违反人们的密码。

我认为,有两种获取实际接口名称的方法:

  1. 使用JNI自己对GetIfTable进行本地调用。
  2. 执行netsh并解析响应。

这两种解决方案都很难看,要求您确保在Windows上运行。