我想知道为什么下面的代码中没有警告或错误,因此我可以覆盖全局变量。
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// Click here and start typing.
package main
import "fmt"
type MyStruct struct {
MyInt uint32
}
func (s *MyStruct) MyMethod() {
fmt.Println(s.MyInt)
}
var theStruct MyStruct
func main() {
// Override the above global variable
// I would expect some kind of warning or error here?
theStruct := MyStruct {
MyInt: 42,
}
// Outputs 42
theStruct.MyMethod()
// Outputs 0
UseMyStruct()
}
func UseMyStruct() {
theStruct.MyMethod()
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
允许变量隐藏父作用域中的其他变量。在您的示例中,作用域层次结构如下所示:
global (scope)
├── theStruct (variable)
└── main (scope)
└── theStruct (variable)
通常使用err
完成这样的阴影操作:
package main
import (
"io/ioutil"
"log"
)
func main() {
f, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
defer f.Close()
// This err shadows the one above, it is technically in its
// own scope within the "if".
if _, err := f.Write([]byte("hello world\n")); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if true {
// We can even shadow with different types!
err := 3
log.Println(err)
}
}
此示例部分来自“ Scope and Shadowing in Go”。