Question

在XML文件中我有数百行，如以下两个示例所示：

<settings site_id="someID123" xmltv_id="Some text - dummy (2) HH">Some text - dummy (2) HH</settings>
<settings site_id="moreID321" xmltv_id="More Text">More Text</settings>

我想使用python regex格式化xmltv_id =“ HERE ”内的所有内容，且没有空格，破折号或括号，并在末尾添加 .xx

xmltv_id="Some text - dummy (2) HH"
xmltv_id="More Text"

变成这样

xmltv_id="Sometextdummy2HH.xx"
xmltv_id="MoreText.xx"

我该怎么办？

谢谢！

Answer 1

请考虑以下方法-读取和解析xml，修改数据，编写xml。

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('1.xml')

for element in tree.findall('settings'):
    element.set('xmltv_id', element.get('xmltv_id').replace(' ', ''))

tree.write('2.xml')

原始xml 1.xml：

<note>
    <to>Tove</to>
    <from>Jani</from>
    <heading>Reminder</heading>
    <body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
    <settings site_id="someID123" xmltv_id="Some text - dummy (2) HH">Some text - dummy (2) HH</settings>
</note>

修改后的xml 2.xml：

<note>
    <to>Tove</to>
    <from>Jani</from>
    <heading>Reminder</heading>
    <body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
    <settings site_id="someID123" xmltv_id="Sometext-dummy(2)HH">Some text - dummy (2) HH</settings>
</note>

Answer 2

在解析结构化数据（例如XML / HTML）时，Regex永远不是一种健壮且合适的方法。使用适当的解析器。

具有etree.ElementTree模块和re.sub功能：

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import re

root = ET.parse('yourxml.xml').getroot()
pat = re.compile(r'[\s()-]+')    # regex character class for chars to replace

for el in root.findall('settings[@xmltv_id]'):
    el.set("xmltv_id", pat.sub('', el.get("xmltv_id")) + '.xx')

ET.dump(root)

示例输出：

<main>
  <settings site_id="someID123" xmltv_id="Sometextdummy2HH.xx">Some text - dummy (2) HH</settings>
  <settings site_id="moreID321" xmltv_id="MoreText.xx">More Text</settings>
</main>

您可以使用https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#xml.etree.ElementTree.ElementTree.write

轻松地将生成的elementTree保存到新文件中

Answer 3

我认为您无法使用python中的单个正则表达式来完成此操作。我能想到的解决方案是这样的：

import re

def format_line(line):
    m = re.search('(.*xmltv_id=")(.*)(".*)', line)
    stripped_tag = re.sub(' |-|\(|\)','', m.group(2))
    return f'{m.group(1)}{stripped_tag}.xx{m.group(3)}'

>>> format_line('<settings site_id="someID123" xmltv_id="Some text - dummy (2) HH">Some text - dummy (2) HH</settings>')
'<settings site_id="someID123" xmltv_id="Sometextdummy2HH.xx">Some text - dummy (2) HH</settings>'

Answer 4

re为：

import re

xmltv_id1="Some text - dummy (2) HH"
xmltv_id2="More Text"

replace_regex = r'\s|[-]|[(]|[)]'

print(re.sub(replace_regex, '', xmltv_id1) + '.xx'))
print(re.sub(replace_regex, '', xmltv_id2) + '.xx'))

如何使用regex和python从XML文件中删除多个空格和字符？

4 个答案: