我正在尝试在Bootloader中进入长模式,现在我在第一部分启用了a20行,但遇到了一个问题,那就是我编写的代码完全使屏幕变了黑色,甚至不能显示应该说的数字
我已经在互联网上尝试了许多不同的a20功能,但是对我来说还没有任何作用。
这些功能的代码为:
check_a20:
pushf
push ds
push es
push di
push si
cli
xor ax, ax ; ax = 0
mov es, ax
not ax ; ax = 0xFFFF
mov ds, ax
mov di, 0x0500
mov si, 0x0510
mov al, byte [es:di]
push ax
mov al, byte [ds:si]
push ax
mov byte [es:di], 0x00
mov byte [ds:si], 0xFF
cmp byte [es:di], 0xFF
pop ax
mov byte [ds:si], al
pop ax
mov byte [es:di], al
mov ax, 0
je check_a20_exit
mov ax, 1
check_a20_exit:
pop si
pop di
pop es
pop ds
popf
ret
seta20: ;Enable the a20 line if it worked then ax = 1 else 0
pusha
call check_a20 ;Check a20
cmp ax, 1
je .end ;If it worked then end function else:
.keyboard: ;Test the 8042 keyboard controller
call .empty_8042
mov al, 0xd1 ;command write
out 0x64, al
call .empty_8042
mov al, 0xdf ; A20 on
out 0x60, al
call .empty_8042 ;wait
.empty_8042: ;For the 8042 function over this
in al, 0x64
test al, 2
jnz .empty_8042
ret
call check_a20 ;Check a20
cmp ax, 1
je .end ;If it worked then end function else:
.fasta20:
in al, 0x92
or al, 2
out 0x92, al
.end:
popa
call check_a20
ret
在完成这些功能之后,我有了一个将ax打印为十六进制的功能:
main:
;Stack, video and other setups(not important)
call seta20 ;Set a20
mov dl, 00h ;Set cursor for a print a20 check
mov dh, 01h
mov bh, 00h
mov ah, 02h
int 10h
call check_a20 ;Check a20
mov dl, al
mov bl, 02h
call printhex ;Print dl
jmp $ ;Infinite loop
printhex: ;print hex input(dl=value, bl=color) 8 bit
pusha
mov dh, 0x00
mov ch, dl ;unshifted (for next hex)
shr dl, 4 ; get high 4 bits(HEX)
cmp dl, 9
jna .1to9
.atof: ;if the number is a to f
add dl, 55
jmp .next
.1to9:
add dl, 48 ;add 48 to make it into a number
.next:
mov ah, 0Eh ;print char mode
mov bh, 0
mov al, dl
int 10h ;Print 1st number of the two
shl ch, 4
mov dl, ch
shr dl, 4 ; get high 4 bits(HEX)
cmp dl, 9
jna .1to92
.atof2: ;if the number is a to f
add dl, 55
jmp .print2
.1to92:
add dl, 48 ;add 48 to make it into a number
.print2:
mov ah, 0Eh ;print char mode
mov bh, 0
mov al, dl
int 10h ;Print 1st number of the two
popa
ret
我已经知道我打印结果的功能可以正常工作了,因为我已经测试了很多次,但是应该发生的是它应该用我的printhex16
打印一个十六进制数字
我拥有的功能
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您的A20代码背后的方法看起来不错,但是看来您在实现它的方式上存在错误。您有seta20
的代码:
seta20: ;Enable the a20 line if it worked then ax = 1 else 0
pusha
call check_a20 ;Check a20
cmp ax, 1
je .end ;If it worked then end function else:
.keyboard: ;Test the 8042 keyboard controller
call .empty_8042
mov al, 0xd1 ;command write
out 0x64, al
call .empty_8042
mov al, 0xdf ; A20 on
out 0x60, al
call .empty_8042 ;wait
.empty_8042: ;For the 8042 function over this
in al, 0x64
test al, 2
jnz .empty_8042
ret
call check_a20 ;Check a20
cmp ax, 1
je .end ;If it worked then end function else:
.fasta20:
in al, 0x92
or al, 2
out 0x92, al
.end:
popa
call check_a20
ret
问题是您已将一个函数放置在另一个函数中,并且无意间使您的代码陷入了该函数中。尤其是这些代码行是问题所在:
out 0x60, al
call .empty_8042 ;wait
.empty_8042: ;For the 8042 function over this
in al, 0x64
test al, 2
jnz .empty_8042
ret
call check_a20 ;Check a20
call .empty_8042
将调用函数.empty_8042
,将刷新8042; ret
将返回到call .empty_8042
之后的指令,然后将开始执行.empty_8042
中的代码。问题是第二次未将其作为函数调用,因此没有正确的返回地址。当它到达ret
时,它将尝试返回到栈顶的任何值。这可能会导致您的代码挂起,重新启动系统或执行其他意外的事情。
一个快速解决方案是放置一条 JMP 指令以跳过.empty_8042
中的代码。这样的事情会做:
out 0x60, al
call .empty_8042 ;wait
jmp .skip_function
.empty_8042: ;For the 8042 function over this
in al, 0x64
test al, 2
jnz .empty_8042
ret
.skip_function:
call check_a20 ;Check a20
最好将.empty_8042
函数与seta20
函数分开,这样就不必不必要地跳过.empty_8042
。您的代码可能类似于:
empty_8042:
in al, 0x64
test al, 2
jnz empty_8042
ret
seta20: ;Enable the a20 line if it worked then ax = 1 else 0
pusha
call check_a20 ;Check a20
cmp ax, 1
je .end ;If it worked then end function else:
.keyboard: ;Test the 8042 keyboard controller
call empty_8042
mov al, 0xd1 ;command write
out 0x64, al
call empty_8042
mov al, 0xdf ; A20 on
out 0x60, al
call empty_8042 ;wait
call check_a20 ;Check a20
cmp ax, 1
je .end ;If it worked then end function else:
.fasta20:
in al, 0x92
or al, 2
out 0x92, al
.end:
popa
call check_a20
ret