我正在尝试在（dockerized）Debian上安装python软件包textract：
FROM python:2.7
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get -y upgrade
RUN apt-get -y install libevent-dev python-dev libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev antiword unrtf poppler-utils pstotext tesseract-ocr flac ffmpeg lame libmad0 libsox-fmt-mp3 sox libjpeg-dev swig
RUN pip install textract
但是在最后一步pip install textract上失败了。为什么？如何解决这个问题？错误如下：
Building wheels for collected packages: textract, python-pptx, docx2txt, xlrd, EbookLib, pocketsphinx
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for textract: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for textract: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/7b/88/ca/fe02cca616f52ba41e11ee9eff08ca0d8391f3df35e0ede5e2
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for python-pptx: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for python-pptx: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/14/50/ec/bf4ff7cedffcde6ef29d3154f758a5d65f40427f526cbdb1d5
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for docx2txt: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for docx2txt: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/a8/a1/2e/61cea06f166c6f6ac4df4d75a409328406bd0d2f8e007592f9
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for xlrd: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for xlrd: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/f7/2e/62/b4b26f9bc16968996a93dab7a1ec3cf9a1c8ca409114f4fefe
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for EbookLib: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for EbookLib: finished with status 'done'
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/3a/b9/cb/834288199b3b3c6c08441d5780ce4a6cfc161d4c859f28a915
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pocketsphinx: started
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for pocketsphinx: finished with status 'error'
Complete output from command /usr/local/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-rkBOkm/pocketsphinx/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-lmkSIP --python-tag cp27:
running bdist_wheel
running build_ext
building 'sphinxbase._ad' extension
swigging swig/sphinxbase/ad.i to swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.c
swig -python -modern -Ideps/sphinxbase/include -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/sphinxbase -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/android -Ideps/sphinxbase/swig -outdir sphinxbase -o swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.c swig/sphinxbase/ad.i
creating build
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/swig
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/swig/sphinxbase
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase/src
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DSPHINXBASE_EXPORTS -DPOCKETSPHINX_EXPORTS -DSPHINX_DLL -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Ideps/sphinxbase/include -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/sphinxbase -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/android -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.o -Wno-unused-label -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-result -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-misleading-indentation
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DSPHINXBASE_EXPORTS -DPOCKETSPHINX_EXPORTS -DSPHINX_DLL -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Ideps/sphinxbase/include -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/sphinxbase -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/android -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad/ad_pulse.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad/ad_pulse.o -Wno-unused-label -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-result -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-misleading-indentation
deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad/ad_pulse.c:44:30: fatal error: pulse/pulseaudio.h: No such file or directory
#include <pulse/pulseaudio.h>
^
compilation terminated.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for pocketsphinx
Running setup.py clean for pocketsphinx
Successfully built textract python-pptx docx2txt xlrd EbookLib
Failed to build pocketsphinx
requests 2.20.0 has requirement chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2, but you'll have chardet 2.3.0 which is incompatible.
Installing collected packages: argcomplete, chardet, Pillow, XlsxWriter, python-pptx, docx2txt, beautifulsoup4, xlrd, six, EbookLib, SpeechRecognition, pocketsphinx, textract
Found existing installation: chardet 3.0.4
Uninstalling chardet-3.0.4:
Successfully uninstalled chardet-3.0.4
Found existing installation: beautifulsoup4 4.6.3
Uninstalling beautifulsoup4-4.6.3:
Successfully uninstalled beautifulsoup4-4.6.3
Running setup.py install for pocketsphinx: started
Running setup.py install for pocketsphinx: finished with status 'error'
Complete output from command /usr/local/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-rkBOkm/pocketsphinx/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-MiPh8Y/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:
running install
running build_ext
building 'sphinxbase._ad' extension
swigging swig/sphinxbase/ad.i to swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.c
swig -python -modern -Ideps/sphinxbase/include -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/sphinxbase -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/android -Ideps/sphinxbase/swig -outdir sphinxbase -o swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.c swig/sphinxbase/ad.i
creating build
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/swig
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/swig/sphinxbase
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase/src
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DSPHINXBASE_EXPORTS -DPOCKETSPHINX_EXPORTS -DSPHINX_DLL -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Ideps/sphinxbase/include -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/sphinxbase -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/android -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/swig/sphinxbase/ad_wrap.o -Wno-unused-label -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-result -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-misleading-indentation
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -DSPHINXBASE_EXPORTS -DPOCKETSPHINX_EXPORTS -DSPHINX_DLL -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -Ideps/sphinxbase/include -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/sphinxbase -Ideps/sphinxbase/include/android -I/usr/local/include/python2.7 -c deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad/ad_pulse.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad/ad_pulse.o -Wno-unused-label -Wno-strict-prototypes -Wno-parentheses -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-unused-variable -Wno-unused-result -Wno-sign-compare -Wno-misleading-indentation
deps/sphinxbase/src/libsphinxad/ad_pulse.c:44:30: fatal error: pulse/pulseaudio.h: No such file or directory
#include <pulse/pulseaudio.h>
^
compilation terminated.
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/local/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-rkBOkm/pocketsphinx/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-MiPh8Y/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-rkBOkm/pocketsphinx/
ERROR: Service 'baleen' failed to build: The command '/bin/sh -c pip install textract' returned a non-zero code: 1
答案 0 :(得分：0)
它巧妙地显示了错误。
chardet 版本-<3.1.0，> = 3.0.2是必需的，但是您有较旧的版本<2.3.0>。
因此，您需要卸载 chardet
sudo点列表| grep chardet
然后卸载旧版本
sudo pip卸载chardet
答案 1 :(得分：0)
解决方案：
在安装Textract之前先添加RUN apt-get -y install libpulse-dev。