我尝试使用WebClient下载网页,但是该网页一直挂起,直到达到WebClient的超时,然后失败并显示异常。
以下代码不起作用
WebClient client = new WebClient();
string url = "https://www.nasdaq.com/de/symbol/aapl/dividend-history";
string page = client.DownloadString(url);
使用其他URL,传输可以正常进行。例如
WebClient client = new WebClient();
string url = "https://www.ariva.de/apple-aktie";
string page = client.DownloadString(url);
非常快速地完成,并且页面变量中包含整个html。
使用HttpClient或WebRequest / WebResponse在第一个URL:块上获得相同的结果,直到超时异常为止。
两个URL都可以在浏览器中正常加载,大约需要2-5秒。 知道问题出在哪里,有什么解决方案可用?
我注意到,在Windows窗体对话框上使用WebBrowser控件时,第一个URL加载有20多个javascript错误,需要确认单击。在访问第一个URL时,在浏览器中打开开发人员工具时,也会观察到同样的情况。
但是,WebClient不会对其获得的回报采取行动。它不会运行javascript,也不会加载引用的图片,css或其他脚本,因此这应该不是问题。
谢谢!
拉尔夫
答案 0 :(得分:1)
第一个站点"https://www.nasdaq.com/de/symbol/aapl/dividend-history";
要求:
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol
= SecurityProtocolType.Tls12
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback
CookieContainer
。仍然应该设置它。这里的User-agent
很重要。如果在WebRequest.UserAgent中指定了最新的User-agent
,则WebSite将激活Http 2.0
协议以及一些仅由最近的浏览器支持/理解的安全措施(作为参考,FireFox 56或较新)。
必须使用较新的浏览器作为User-agent
,否则WebSite会期望(并等待)动态响应。使用旧 User-agent
,网站将激活Http 1.1
协议。
第二个站点"https://www.ariva.de/apple-aktie";
要求:
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12
我建议以这种方式设置WebRequest(或相应的HttpClient设置):
(WebClient 可以起作用,但是可能需要派生的自定义控件)
private async void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
button1.Enabled = false;
Uri ResourceURI = new Uri("https://www.nasdaq.com/de/symbol/aapl/dividend-history");
string DestinationFile = "[Some Local File]";
await HTTPDownload(ResourceURI, DestinationFile);
button1.Enabled = true;
}
CookieContainer CookieJar_HTTPDownload = new CookieContainer();
//The 32bit IE11 header is the User-agent used here
public async Task HTTPDownload(Uri ResourceURI, DestinationFile)
{
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback += (s, cert, ch, sec) => { return true; };
ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = 50;
HttpWebRequest httpRequest = WebRequest.CreateHttp(ResourceURI);
try
{
httpRequest.CookieContainer = CookieJar_HTTPDownload;
httpRequest.Timeout = (int)TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15).TotalMilliseconds;
httpRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
httpRequest.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate;
httpRequest.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
httpRequest.UserAgent = "Mozilla / 5.0(Windows NT 6.1; WOW32; Trident / 7.0; rv: 11.0) like Gecko";
httpRequest.Accept = "ext/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
httpRequest.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.AcceptEncoding, "gzip, deflate;q=0.8");
httpRequest.Headers.Add(HttpRequestHeader.CacheControl, "no-cache");
using (HttpWebResponse httpResponse = (HttpWebResponse)await httpRequest.GetResponseAsync())
using (Stream ResponseStream = httpResponse.GetResponseStream())
{
if (httpResponse.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
{
try
{
int buffersize = 132072;
using (FileStream fileStream = File.Create(DestinationFile, buffersize, FileOptions.Asynchronous))
{
int read;
byte[] buffer = new byte[buffersize];
while ((read = await ResponseStream.ReadAsync(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
{
await fileStream.WriteAsync(buffer, 0, read);
}
};
}
catch (DirectoryNotFoundException) { /* Log or throw */}
catch (PathTooLongException) { /* Log or throw */}
catch (IOException) { /* Log or throw */}
}
};
}
catch (WebException) { /* Log and message */}
catch (Exception) { /* Log and message */}
}
第一个返回的WebSite(nasdaq.com
)有效负载长度为101.562
个字节
返回的第二个网站(www.ariva.de
)的有效载荷长度为56.919
个字节
答案 1 :(得分:0)
显然,下载该链接存在问题(错误的url,未经授权的访问等),但是您可以使用异步方法来解决对接部分:
WebClient client = new WebClient();
client.DownloadStringCompleted += (s, e) =>
{
//here deal with downloaded file
};
client.DownloadStringAsync(url);