我想在不使用类或ID的情况下将目标元素定位在下一个同级父对象中

时间:2018-12-18 17:24:42

标签: javascript html html5

此处是html(在多个位置出现,但每种外观应区别对待):

<div class="foot-nav-heading">Click me!</div>
    <div class="textwidget">
       <ul class="quick-link accordion-content">
          <li>Test</li>
       </ul>
</div>

这是JavaScript代码:

var accordions = document.getElementsByClassName("foot-nav-heading");
  for (var i = 0; i < accordions.length; i++) {
     accordions[i].onclick = function() {
       this.classList.toggle('is-open');

   var content = this.nextElementSibling;
   if (content.style.maxHeight) {
   // accordion is currently open, so close it
 content.style.maxHeight = null;
   } else {
  // accordion is currently closed, so open it
 content.style.maxHeight = content.scrollHeight + "px";
   }
 }
}

我要定位“ div.textwidget”元素中的“ ul”。我已经尝试过

var content = this.next.(".text-widget").find(".accordion-content")

但是它不起作用。

谢谢!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

您的代码有效!问题不在于同级,而是不能将css height设置为null

var accordions = document.getElementsByClassName("foot-nav-heading");
  for (var i = 0; i < accordions.length; i++) {
     accordions[i].onclick = function() {
       this.classList.toggle('is-open');
   var content = this.nextElementSibling;

   if (content.style.maxHeight != "0px") {
   // accordion is currently open, so close it
 content.style.maxHeight = "0px";
   } else {
  // accordion is currently closed, so open it
 content.style.maxHeight = "200px";
   }
 }
}
<div class="foot-nav-heading">Click me!</div>
    <div class="textwidget">
       <ul class="quick-link accordion-content">
          <li>Test</li>
       </ul>
</div>

Here is the javascript code:

<div class="foot-nav-heading">Click me!</div>
    <div class="textwidget">
       <ul class="quick-link accordion-content">
          <li>Test</li>
       </ul>
</div>

Here is the javascript code:

编辑
 您尝试使用的代码是获取nextSibling。但是您可能会有带有回车符的多余textnode尝试以下代码段:

document.querySelectorAll(".textwidget")[0].childNodes.forEach(function(el){
  console.log(el.nodeName,el.nodeType);
});
<div class="foot-nav-heading">Click me!</div>
    <div class="textwidget">
    <ul class="quick-link accordion-content">
          <li>Test</li>
       </ul>
</div>

因此尝试直接定位是有风险的(在您的示例中,您可以使用content.childNodes[1]来获得所需的内容,但是如果您不知道html的编写方式,则很危险。可能是content.childNodes[0]没有回车符)。因此,最好的选择是解析childNodes并在它们完全满足条件时在数组中设置变量或push元素。在您的情况下:

var ul;
content.forEach(function(el){
  if (el.nodeName === 'UL') ul = el;
}

或从节点列表中创建一个数组以过滤所需的节点:

var ul = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll(".textwidget")[0].childNodes).filter(function(el) {if(el.nodeName == 'UL') return el});

// or use es6 features
// var ul = [...document.querySelectorAll(".textwidget")[0].childNodes].filter(e => e.nodeName == 'UL');

console.log(ul[0]);
<div class="foot-nav-heading">Click me!</div>
    <div class="textwidget">
       <ul class="quick-link accordion-content">
          <li>Test</li>
       </ul>
</div>

答案 1 :(得分:0)

Event Delegation

  • 将所有手风琴都包裹在标签(main#main
  • 在该父标记上注册click事件。
  • 现在,嵌套在其中的标签会检测到对父标签的任何点击。
  • 通过使用e.target,您可以准确确定点击了哪个标签。
  • 此方法可以使用单个EventListener
  • 支持无限数量的标签

XY Problem

关于OP的目标:

  

“我想在不使用类或ID的情况下将下一个兄弟对象作为子元素。”

考虑到实际布局,每个“按钮”都可以针对nextElementSibling添加/删除类,并且仍然可以使用CSS选择器影响nextElementSibling的子级。简而言之,将嵌套在父对象中的标签定位到更易于访问的标签上又浪费了​​时间和精力,反过来又使得通过CSS访问其后代变得更容易。

布局

<button>CLICK</button>

<section class='accordion'>
  <ul class='list'>
    <li>ITEM</li>
  </ul>
</section>

CSS

/* By default this hides .list */
.accordion {
  max-height: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  font-size: 0;
  transition: all 0.3s;
  border: 3px outset #666;
}

/* This class is added/removed when <button> is clicked */
/* .open is nextElementSibling and anytime .open is added, it's child .list 
   benefits from it as well
 */
.open,
.open .list {
  height: auto;
  max-height: 1000px;
  opacity: 1;
  font-size: 16px;
  transition: all 0.3s;
  border: 3px outset #666;
}


演示

演示中评论的详细信息

// Reference the parent tag (main#main)
var main = document.getElementById('main');

/*
Register <main> to the click event...
toggleText() is the callback function
*/
main.addEventListener('click', toggleText);

// Pass the Event Object (e)
function toggleText(e) {
  // Reference e.target -- clicked tag (header.head) 
  var tgt = e.target;
  /*
  Reference the next adjacent sibling of e.target (article.text)
  */
  var actTxt = tgt.nextElementSibling;
  // Collect all article.text into a NodeList
  var txts = document.querySelectorAll('.text');
  // if clicked tag has class .head...
  if (tgt.classList.contains('head')) {
    /*
    On each loop...
    if the current article.text is NOT e.target's .text sibling...
    ...remove class .open.
    Toggle .open class on e.target's .text sibling.
    */
    for (let i = 0; i < txts.length; i++) {
      if (txts[i] !== actTxt) {
        txts[i].classList.remove('open');
      }
    }
    actTxt.classList.toggle('open');
  }
}
.head {
  cursor: pointer;
  border: 3px outset #666;
  text-align:center;
  padding: 3px 5px;
}

.text {
  max-height: 0;
  opacity: 0;
  font-size: 0;
  transition: all 0.3s;
  border: 3px outset #666;
}

.open,
.open .menu {
  height: auto;
  max-height: 1000px;
  opacity: 1;
  font-size: 16px;
  transition: all 0.3s;
  border: 3px outset #666;
}
<main id='main'>

  <header class="head">MENU</header>
  <article class="text">
    <ul class="menu">
      <li>ITEM 1</li>
      <li>ITEM 2</li>
      <li>ITEM 3</li>
    </ul>
  </article>

  <header class="head">MENU</header>
  <article class="text">
    <ul class="menu">
      <li>ITEM 1</li>
      <li>ITEM 2</li>
      <li>ITEM 3</li>
    </ul>
  </article>

  <header class="head">MENU</header>
  <article class="text">
    <ul class="menu">
      <li>ITEM 1</li>
      <li>ITEM 2</li>
      <li>ITEM 3</li>
    </ul>
  </article>

</main>