我正在开发一个Excel VBA程序，在某些时候，我需要在访问特定网址时使用代理，该代理是从我公司提供的.pac文件计算出来的。为此，我打算使用WinINet（我知道我也可以更轻松地使用WinHTTP，甚至如何使它工作）
我知道我在我的示例（InternetDeInitializeAutoProxyDll等）中缺少一些清理，但是现在，我只是想成功检索代理信息。
第1步 - C ++
我找到了这个，这给了我一个开始的样本：
What initialization should be made prior to calling InternetGetProxyInfo()?
接受的答案有两种方式。但我认为：
无论如何，以下C ++示例允许我检索包含要用于特定URL的代理的字符串：
char *str = 0;
DWORD len = 0;
pfnInternetInitializeAutoProxyDll pIIAPD;
pfnInternetGetProxyInfo pIGPI;
HMODULE hModJS;
hModJS = LoadLibrary(TEXT("jsproxy.dll"));
pIIAPD = (pfnInternetInitializeAutoProxyDll)GetProcAddress(hModJS, "InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll");
pIGPI = (pfnInternetGetProxyInfo)GetProcAddress(hModJS, "InternetGetProxyInfo");
BOOL b;
DWORD dw;
b = pIIAPD(0, "D:\\Users\\SC5071\\Desktop\\proxy.pac", 0, 0, 0);
dw = GetLastError();
b = pIGPI("https://www.google.fr/", sizeof(URL) - 1, "www.google.fr", sizeof(HOST) - 1, &str, &len);
dw = GetLastError();
return 0;
工作正常，str包含类似的内容：
PROXY 123.123.55.55:10455; PROXY 123.123.56.56:10455; DIRECT
第2步 - VBA
使用Declare语句为Win32 API函数InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll和InternetGetProxyInfo从C ++迁移到Excel VBA。
[我现在不在这里发布代码]
InternetGetProxyInfo失败，错误代码为ERROR_CAN_NOT_COMPLETE (1003L)
第3步 - ASM
起初我认为这可能与Excel VBA加载和调用DLL函数的方式有关，因为InternetGetProxyInfo的MSDN声明：
此功能只能通过动态链接到“JSProxy.dll”来调用。
所以我制作了自己的x86汇编代码来进行调用（__stdcall约定）：
Private Declare Function GetModuleHandleW Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal moduleName As String) As Long
Private Declare Function GetModuleHandleA Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal moduleName As String) As Long
Private Declare Function LoadLibraryExW Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpFileName As String, ByVal hFile As Long, ByVal dwFlags As Integer) As Long
Private Declare Function LoadLibraryExA Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpFileName As String, ByVal hFile As Long, ByVal dwFlags As Integer) As Long
Private Declare Function LoadLibraryW Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpFileName As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function LoadLibraryA Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpFileName As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function FreeLibrary Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hModule As Long) As Integer
Private Declare Function VirtualAlloc Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpAddress As Long, ByVal dwSize As Long, ByVal flAllocationType As Long, ByVal flProtect As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function VirtualFree Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpAddress As Long, ByVal dwSize As Long, ByVal dwFreeType As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetProcAddress Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal hModule As Long, ByVal lpProcName As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetProcAddress_String Lib "kernel32.dll" Alias "GetProcAddress" (ByVal hModule As Long, ByVal ProcName As String) As Long
Private Declare Function CallWindowProc Lib "user32.dll" Alias "CallWindowProcW" (ByVal lpPrevWndFunc As Long, ByVal hWnd As Long, ByVal Msg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, ByVal lParam As Long) As Long
Private Declare Sub RtlMoveMemory Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal Destination As Long, ByVal Source As Long, ByVal Length As Integer)
Private Declare Function GetLastError Lib "kernel32.dll" () As Long
Private Const MEM_COMMIT As Long = &H1000&
Private Const MEM_RESERVE As Long = &H2000&
Private Const MEM_RELEASE As Long = &H8000&
Private Const MEM_EXECUTE_READWRITE As Long = &H40&
Dim FunctionAddress As Long
Dim MemAddressOffset As Long
Private Sub AddByte(ByVal Data As Byte)
RtlMoveMemory MemAddressOffset, VarPtr(Data), 1
MemAddressOffset = CLng(MemAddressOffset) + 1
End Sub
Private Sub AddBytes(Data() As Byte)
RtlMoveMemory MemAddressOffset, VarPtr(Data(0)), UBound(Data) + 1
MemAddressOffset = CLng(MemAddressOffset) + UBound(Data) + 1
End Sub
Sub Main()
Dim b As Long
Dim MemAddress As Long
Dim LstrBytes1() As Byte
LstrBytes1 = "jsproxy.dll"
ReDim Preserve LstrBytes1(UBound(LstrBytes1) + 2)
hLib = LoadLibraryW(VarPtr(LstrBytes1(0)))
Dim NstrBytes1() As Byte
NstrBytes1 = StrConv("InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll", vbFromUnicode)
ReDim Preserve NstrBytes1(UBound(NstrBytes1) + 1)
FunctionAddress = GetProcAddress(hLib, VarPtr(NstrBytes1(0)))
If FunctionAddress = 0 Then Stop
MemAddress = VirtualAlloc(0&, 256, MEM_COMMIT Or MEM_RESERVE, MEM_EXECUTE_READWRITE)
MemAddressOffset = MemAddress
Dim strTemp1 As String
strTemp1 = "D:\Users\SC5071\Desktop\proxy.pac"
Dim bytTemp1() As Byte
bytTemp1 = StrConv(strTemp1, vbFromUnicode)
ReDim Preserve bytTemp1(UBound(bytTemp1) + 1)
AddByte &H55 'push ebp
AddByte &H8B: AddByte &HEC 'mov ebp,esp
AddByte &H83: AddByte &HEC: AddByte &H18 'sub esp,18h
AddByte &H6A: AddByte &H0 'push 0
AddByte &H6A: AddByte &H0 'push 0
AddByte &H6A: AddByte &H0 'push 0
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(VarPtr(bytTemp1(0))) 'push DWORD PTR
AddByte &H6A: AddByte &H0 'push 0
AddByte &HE8 'call InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll
AddBytes LongToByteArray(CLng(FunctionAddress) - (CLng(MemAddressOffset) + 4))
AddByte &H89: AddByte &H45: AddByte &HFC 'mov dword ptr [ebp-4],eax
AddByte &H8B: AddByte &H45: AddByte &HFC 'mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-4]
AddByte &HC9 'leave
AddByte &HC3 'ret
l = CallWindowProc(MemAddress, 0, 0, 0, 0)
Debug.Print GetLastError()
b = VirtualFree(MemAddress, 0, MEM_RELEASE)
Debug.Print Err.LastDllError
If l = 0 Then Exit Sub
'--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FunctionAddress = 0
Dim NstrBytes2() As Byte
NstrBytes2 = StrConv("InternetGetProxyInfo", vbFromUnicode)
ReDim Preserve NstrBytes2(UBound(NstrBytes2) + 1)
FunctionAddress = GetProcAddress(hLib, VarPtr(NstrBytes2(0)))
If FunctionAddress = 0 Then Stop
MemAddress = VirtualAlloc(0&, 256, MEM_COMMIT Or MEM_RESERVE, MEM_EXECUTE_READWRITE)
MemAddressOffset = MemAddress
strUrlW$ = "https://www.google.fr/"
strHostNameW$ = "www.google.fr"
Dim szUrlA() As Byte
Dim szHostNameA() As Byte
szUrlA = StrConv(strUrlW, vbFromUnicode)
szHostNameA = StrConv(strHostNameW, vbFromUnicode)
ReDim Preserve szUrlA(UBound(szUrlA) + 1)
ReDim Preserve szHostNameA(UBound(szHostNameA) + 1)
len1& = Len("https://www.google.fr/") + 1
len2& = Len("www.google.fr") + 1
Dim strProxyHostName() As Byte
ReDim strProxyHostName(2048 - 1)
Dim lpszProxyHostName As Long
Dim lplpszProxyHostName As Long
lpszProxyHostName = VarPtr(strProxyHostName(0))
lplpszProxyHostName = VarPtr(lpszProxyHostName)
Dim dwProxyHostNameLength As Long
Dim lpdwProxyHostNameLength As Long
dwProxyHostNameLength = UBound(strProxyHostName)
lpdwProxyHostNameLength = VarPtr(dwProxyHostNameLength)
AddByte &H55 'push ebp
AddByte &H8B: AddByte &HEC 'mov ebp,esp
AddByte &H83: AddByte &HEC: AddByte &H1C 'sub esp,1ch
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(lpdwProxyHostNameLength) 'push DWORD PTR
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(lplpszProxyHostName) 'push DWORD PTR PTR
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(len2) 'push DWORD
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(VarPtr(szHostNameA(0))) 'push DWORD PTR
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(len1) 'push DWORD
AddByte &H68: AddBytes LongToByteArray(VarPtr(szUrlA(0))) 'push DWORD PTR
AddByte &HE8 'call InternetGetProxyInfo
AddBytes LongToByteArray(CLng(FunctionAddress) - (CLng(MemAddressOffset) + 4))
AddByte &H89: AddByte &H45: AddByte &HFC 'mov dword ptr [ebp-4],eax
AddByte &H8B: AddByte &H45: AddByte &HFC 'mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-4]
AddByte &HC9 'leave
AddByte &HC3 'ret
l = CallWindowProc(MemAddress, 0, 0, 0, 0)
Debug.Print GetLastError()
Debug.Print Mem_ReadHex(MemAddress, CLng(MemAddressOffset) - CLng(MemAddress))
b = VirtualFree(MemAddress, 0, MEM_RELEASE)
Debug.Print Err.LastDllError
If l = 0 Then Exit Sub
Debug.Print strProxyHostName
End Sub
有点沉重，但它可以在不崩溃Excel的情况下工作（我可以通过互联网查找VB中的任何“CallAPIByName”代码），但仍然获得ERROR_CAN_NOT_COMPLETE 1003L。
第4步 - 问题
1 /然后，我发现如果从“单线程公寓”线程中调用InternetGetProxyInfo，那么ERROR_CAN_NOT_COMPLETE显然会不可避免地失败。
WinINet InternetGetProxyInfo : error 1003 ERROR_CAN_NOT_COMPLETE
2 /我也明白Excel的过程实际上是单线程的，更准确地说是单线程公寓（意味着COM已经用OleInitialize / CoInitialize初始化）< / p>
3 /下面的另一个来源解释说：
“JSProxy使用COM，如果在同一个线程上执行其他appartement COM初始化，它将无法正常工作。”
所以，这是我最后一次愚蠢的尝试：
hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, MemAddress, 0, 0, 0)
Call WaitForSingleObject(hThread, INFINITE)
Dim lpExitCode As Long
b = GetExitCodeThread(hThread, lpExitCode)
CloseHandle hThread
显然它仍然没有返回带有代理信息的字符串。
在我上面的C ++示例中，我注意到确实添加以下内容的行为与Excel相同：
HRESULT o = OleInitialize(NULL); // S_OK = 0x0
// after that, InternetGetProxyInfo fails with 1003L
我对OLE / COM /线程概念并不熟悉，但我没有看到如何轻松进一步。根据我在这里所说的一切，我想我可以总结一下我的问题：
如何使用Win32 API从Excel VBA中的非“单线程公寓”线程调用InternetGetProxyInfo？
Windows 10 64位+ Excel 2016 32位
答案 0 :(得分：0)
没关系，它已经解决了：
Private Const INFINITE = &HFFFFFFFF
Private Declare Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function CreateThread _
Lib "kernel32" ( _
ByVal lpThreadAttributes As Long, _
ByVal dwStackSize As Long, _
ByVal lpStartAddress As Long, _
ByVal lpParameter As Long, _
ByVal dwCreationFlags As Long, _
ByRef lpThreadld As Long) _
As Long
Private Declare Function GetCurrentThreadId Lib "kernel32" () As Long
Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hObject As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetLastError Lib "kernel32.dll" () As Long
Private Declare Function GetExitCodeThread Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hThread As Long, ByRef dwExitCode As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function VirtualAlloc Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpAddress As Long, ByVal dwSize As Long, ByVal flAllocationType As Long, ByVal flProtect As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function VirtualFree Lib "kernel32.dll" (ByVal lpAddress As Long, ByVal dwSize As Long, ByVal dwFreeType As Long) As Long
Private Const MEM_COMMIT As Long = &H1000&
Private Const MEM_RESERVE As Long = &H2000&
Private Const MEM_RELEASE As Long = &H8000&
Private Const MEM_EXECUTE_READWRITE As Long = &H40&
Private Declare PtrSafe Function MultiByteToWideChar _
Lib "kernel32.dll" _
( _
ByVal CodePage As Long, _
ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
ByVal lpMultiByteStr As Long, _
ByVal cbMultiByte As Long, _
ByVal lpWideCharStr As Long, _
ByVal cchWideChar As Long) _
As Long
'################################################################################################################################
Private Declare Function InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll_String _
Lib "JSProxy.dll" _
Alias "InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll" _
( _
ByVal dwVersion As Long, _
ByVal lpszDownloadedTempFile As String, _
ByVal lpszMime As Long, _
ByVal lpAutoProxyCallbacks As Long, _
ByVal lpAutoProxyScriptBuffer As Long) _
As Boolean
Private Declare Function InternetGetProxyInfo_Long _
Lib "JSProxy.dll" _
Alias "InternetGetProxyInfo" _
( _
ByVal lpszUrl As Long, _
ByVal dwUrlLength As Long, _
ByVal lpszUrlHostName As Long, _
ByVal dwUrlHostNameLength As Long, _
ByVal lplpszProxyHostName As Long, _
ByVal lpdwProxyHostNameLength As Long) _
As Boolean
'################################################################################################################################
Public g_ptrProxyHostName As Long 'thread-shared variable allocated/stored in process global memory
Public g_strProxyHostName As String 'idem
Public g_lngProxyHostNameLength As Long 'idem
Public g_MainThreadId As Long
Public WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc_Error As Long
Public globalVar1 As Long
Public globalVar2 As Long
'################################################################################################################################
Function WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc() As Long
Dim bResult As Boolean
'Dim strProxyHostName As String 'useless, see below
'strProxyHostName = Space(1024)
Dim lpszProxyHostName As Long
Dim lplpszProxyHostName As Long
lpszProxyHostName = StrPtr(strProxyHostName)
lplpszProxyHostName = VarPtr(lpszProxyHostName)
Dim dwProxyHostNameLength As Long
Dim lpdwProxyHostNameLength As Long
dwProxyHostNameLength = LenB(strProxyHostName)
lpdwProxyHostNameLength = VarPtr(dwProxyHostNameLength)
Dim strUrlW As String
Dim strHostNameW As String
Dim strUrlA As String
Dim strHostNameA As String
strUrlW = "https://www.google.fr/"
strHostNameW = "www.google.fr"
strUrlA = StrConv(strUrlW, vbFromUnicode)
strHostNameA = StrConv(strHostNameW, vbFromUnicode)
Dim szUrlA() As Byte
Dim szHostNameA() As Byte
szUrlA = StrConv(strUrlW, vbFromUnicode)
szHostNameA = StrConv(strHostNameW, vbFromUnicode)
ReDim Preserve szUrlA(UBound(szUrlA) + 1)
ReDim Preserve szHostNameA(UBound(szHostNameA) + 1)
bResult = InternetInitializeAutoProxyDll_String(0, "D:\Users\SC5071\Desktop\proxy.pac", 0, 0, 0)
'check state before
'globalVar1 = lpszProxyHostName
'globalVar1 = lplpszProxyHostName
'globalVar1 = dwProxyHostNameLength
'globalVar1 = lpdwProxyHostNameLength
bResult = InternetGetProxyInfo_Long(VarPtr(szUrlA(0)), Len("https://www.google.fr/") + 1, _
VarPtr(szHostNameA(0)), Len("www.google.fr") + 1, _
lplpszProxyHostName, lpdwProxyHostNameLength)
m_ThreadProcId = GetCurrentThreadId()
If m_ThreadProcId = g_MainThreadId Then 'otherwise Excel crahes when using Debug.Print from another thread than the STA thread
Debug.Print "bResult = "; bResult
Debug.Print "Err.LastDllError = "; Err.LastDllError
Debug.Print "GetLastError() = "; GetLastError()
End If
'check state after
'globalVar2 = lpszProxyHostName
'globalVar2 = lplpszProxyHostName
'globalVar2 = dwProxyHostNameLength
'globalVar2 = lpdwProxyHostNameLength
'~~> checking the state of the variable passed to InternetGetProxyInfo before and after the call reveals that
' InternetGetProxyInfo_Long actually allocates a buffer holding the computed string and returns the new pointer to it in
' lpszProxyHostName, and its length in dwProxyHostNameLength; lplpszProxyHostName and lpdwProxyHostNameLength are unchanged.
' that is why strProxyHostName contains only blank spaces (200020002000...) after the call, it is simply unchanged.
WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc = bResult
'WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc = Err.LastDllError
WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc_Error = Err.LastDllError
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
g_ptrProxyHostName = lpszProxyHostName
g_lngProxyHostNameLength = dwProxyHostNameLength
Dim strWideCharStr As String
Dim cRequiredBuffer As Long
cRequiredBuffer = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, MB_PRECOMPOSED, g_ptrProxyHostName, -1, StrPtr(strWideCharStr), 0)
cchWideChar = cRequiredBuffer - 1
strWideCharStr = Space(cchWideChar)
Dim lngResult As Long
lngResult = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, MB_PRECOMPOSED, g_ptrProxyHostName, -1, StrPtr(strWideCharStr), cchWideChar)
g_strProxyHostName = strWideCharStr
End Function
Sub Main()
g_MainThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId()
Dim hThread As Long
hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, AddressOf WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc, 0, 0, 0)
Call WaitForSingleObject(hThread, INFINITE)
Dim dwExitCode As Long
b = GetExitCodeThread(hThread, dwExitCode)
CloseHandle hThread
If dwExitCode = 1 And WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc_Error = 0 Then
'Debug.Print globalVar1
'Debug.Print globalVar2
Debug.Print "PAC file result for URL is:"
Debug.Print g_strProxyHostName
Debug.Print "THE END"
Else
Debug.Print dwExitCode
Debug.Print WinINet_InternetGetProxyInfo_ThreadProc_Error
End If
End Sub
在这一步，问题是InternetGetProxyInfo分配了自己的缓冲区（后来应该释放，因为许多WinINet函数返回字符串），所以我的＆＃34;愚蠢的＆＃34;尝试不是那么愚蠢！它实际上在工作！
我忘记在我的问题中提到我创建了一个ASM代码，因为CallWindowProc不允许调用一个需要4个以上参数的函数指针。无论如何，它没用，问题来自其他地方，Win32 API的Declare语句正确地执行调用WinINet / JSProxy函数所需的动态链接。
正如您所看到的，从主Excel STA线程创建另一个线程非常容易，但是如果我对COM线程模型做了正确的话，就必须避免使用在该主线程中创建的对象，它很可能会导致Excel崩溃。