Question

尝试将类/函数的总小时数调用到我在下面创建的类的实例。（希望我措辞正确）

class Employee:
  def __init__(self):
    self.wage = 0
    self.hours = 0
    if self.hours > 40:
      self.ot = self.hours - 40                 #overtime hours
      self.earned_ot = self.wage * 1.5          #overtime wage rate
      self.ot_total = self.ot * self.earned_ot  #pay for overtime hours
      self.pay = self.wage * 40                 #standard hour wage
      self.total = self.pay + self.ot_total     #standard wage + ot hour wage
    else:
      self.total = self.wage * self.hours

alice = Employee()
alice.wage = 20
alice.hours = 40
#alice.total = 

bob = Employee()
bob.wage = 15
bob.hours = 50
#bob.total = 

print("Alice: \n Net pay: ${} \nBob: \n Net pay: ${}" .format(alice.total, 
bob.total))

问题我似乎已经足够简单，但我无法解决这个问题。我现在已经注释掉了alice.total和bob.total，但这些是我需要的才能使打印正常工作。

我觉得我忘了简单的事情，但浏览我的笔记/文字我无法弄清楚。是否有人看到我遇到过的问题，是否有可能解释这个问题的链接？我没有找到一个彻头彻尾的答案，只是朝着正确的方向前进。

感谢。

Answer 1

我认为您正在寻找的是the @property decorator：

class Employee:
  def __init__(self):
    self.wage = 0
    self.hours = 0

  @property
  def total(self):
    if self.hours > 40:
      ot = self.hours - 40                 #overtime hours
      earned_ot = self.wage * 1.5          #overtime wage rate
      ot_total = ot * earned_ot  #pay for overtime hours
      pay = self.wage * 40                 #standard hour wage
      return pay + ot_total     #standard wage + ot hour wage
    else:
      return self.wage * self.hours

Answer 2

看起来您的代码会从将构造函数更改为：

中受益

class Employee:
    def __init__(self, wage=0, hours=0):
        self.wage = wage
        self.hours = hours

并将其余代码放在方法中：

class Employee:
    ....

    def get_total(self):
        total = ... # calculate from self.wage and self.hours
        return total

alice = Employee(wage=20, hours=40)
print(alice.get_total())

Answer 3

您可以更改构造函数

class Employee:
    def init(self, wage=0, hours=0):
    self.wage = wage
    self.hours = hours

并实例化您的员工

alice = Employee(20, 40)

其余代码可以保持不变。但是我会建议使用类似属性的东西，这样你就可以在不创建新Employee的情况下更改工资/小时数，并且仍能获得准确的值

class Employee:
     def init(self):
         self._wage = 0
         self._hours = 0

     @property
     def wage(self):
         return self._wage

     @wage.setter
     def wage(self, value):
         self._wage = value

     @property
     def hours(self):
         return self._hours

     @hours.setter
     def hours(self, value):
         self._hours = value

     @property
     def total(self):
         if self.hours > 40:
             self.ot = self.hours - 40                 #overtime hours
             self.earned_ot = self.wage * 1.5          #overtime wage rate
             self.ot_total = self.ot * self.earned_ot  #pay for overtime hours
             self.pay = self.wage * 40                 #standard hour wage
             return self.pay + self.ot_total     #standard wage + ot hour wage
         else:
             return self.wage * self.hours

您在Employee实例化和获取/设置工资/小时的代码可以保持不变有关财产的更多详情：https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/property

编辑：根据所做的评论修改我的答案

Python 3.0调用类函数中的值进行打印

3 个答案: