我查看了这里的论坛并找出<<-
将函数内部的变量赋值给全局变量(可以在函数外部访问)。
我在下面这样做了,但无济于事 - 有什么想法吗?
> Billeddata_import <- function(burl="C:\\Users\\mcantwell\\Desktop\\Projects\\M & V Analysis\\Final_Bills.csv"){
+ billeddata<-read.csv(burl,header=TRUE, sep=",",stringsAsFactors = FALSE) %>%
+ mutate(Usage=as.numeric(Usage)) %>%
+ #Service.Begin.Date=as.Date(Service.Begin.Date,format='%m/%d/%Y'),
+ #Service.End.Date=as.Date(Service.End.Date,format='%m/%d/%Y')) %>%
+
+ filter(UOM=="Kw",
+ !is.na(Usage),
+ Service.Description %in% c("Demand","Demand On Peak", "Demand Off Peak", "Dmd Partial Pk")) %>%
+ group_by(Location..,Service.Begin.Date,Service.End.Date) %>%
+ summarise(monthly_peak=max(Usage))
+ out<<-billdata
+ }
> out
Error: object 'out' not found
>
对象billdata
是我在Billeddata_import()
中清理的数据表,我希望在以后的函数中使用它。
单独运行该函数会产生:
> Billeddata_import()
Error in Billeddata_import() : object 'billdata' not found
没有out<<-billdata
行,Billeddata_import()
运行正常。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您可以使用return(out)
作为函数的最后一行,然后在每次需要访问变量时调用函数。
答案 1 :(得分:2)
注意: 使用<<-
是不好的做法。您可以阅读 thread 以了解更多信息。
您需要运行该功能。在这里,您只需定义它。更进一步并在查找out
之前运行它。
由于我们没有您的数据,请查看以下示例;
#This is an example:
myfun <- function(xdat=df) {
billeddata <- xdat %>% select(-var3) %>%
filter(var1=="treatment5")
out<<-billeddata
}
myfun(df) #You need to run the function!!!
out
# var1 var2 value
# 1 treatment5 group_2 0.005349631
# 2 treatment5 group_2 0.005349631
# 3 treatment5 group_1 0.005349631
<强> 数据:的强>
df <- structure(list(var1 = structure(c(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 1L, 2L,
3L, 4L, 5L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L), .Label = c("treatment1", "treatment2",
"treatment3", "treatment4", "treatment5"), class = "factor"),
var2 = structure(c(1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("group_1", "group_2"), class = "factor"),
var3 = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 3L,
2L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 3L), .Label = c("C8.0", "C8.1", "C8.2"), class = "factor"),
value = c(0.010056478, 0.009382918, 0.003014983, 0.005349631,
0.005349631, 0.010056478, 0.009382918, 0.003014983, 0.005349631,
0.005349631, 0.010056478, 0.009382918, 0.003014983, 0.005349631,
0.005349631)), .Names = c("var1", "var2", "var3", "value"
), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -15L))
<强> P.S。 强>
即使您想使用return(out)
,您仍需要在定义后运行该功能。
此外,使用return()
不会向您的全局添加变量。您需要在调用函数时分配它,如下所示:
out <- myfun(df)