matlab中的3个x轴图?

时间:2017-07-17 07:55:14

标签: matlab plot matlab-figure

我需要绘制一个带有3个x轴的图形。每个轴通过数学公式链接到另一个轴。我想这样做是因为x值可以看作波长[nm],速度[m / s]或能量[eV],我希望读者不必在每个图上自己转换它。

我在线搜索,但只找到something for 2 x-axes,但没有更多。

修改:我使用的是版本R2011a。

所以它应该是这样的,我(显然)没有在MATLAB中创建:

What I 'd like to plot (it is not done on matlab this one...)

提前致谢!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

this answer所示,您可以创建一个高度接近零的新axes对象,因此它基本上只是x轴。请注意,所有实际绘图必须在第一个轴上完成,因为这是您可以看到的区域!

演示代码:

% Create some plotting data and plot
x = 0:0.1:2*pi;   y = sin(x);
% Plot, can specify line attributes (like LineWidth) either 
% - inline: plot(x,y,'linewidth',2)
% - after: p1 = plot(x,y); p1.LineWidth = 2;
plot(x,y);
% Get current axes object (just plotted on) and its position
ax1 = gca;
axPos = ax1.Position;
% Change the position of ax1 to make room for extra axes
% format is [left bottom width height], so moving up and making shorter here...
ax1.Position = axPos + [0 0.3 0 -0.3];
% Exactly the same as for plots (above), axes LineWidth can be changed inline or after
ax1.LineWidth = 2;
% Add two more axes objects, with small multiplier for height, and offset for bottom
ax2 = axes('position', (axPos .* [1 1 1 1e-3]) + [0 0.15 0 0], 'color', 'none', 'linewidth', 2);
ax3 = axes('position', (axPos .* [1 1 1 1e-3]) + [0 0.00 0 0], 'color', 'none', 'linewidth', 2);
% You can change the limits of the new axes using XLim
ax2.XLim = [0 10];
ax3.XLim = [100 157];
% You can label the axes using XLabel.String
ax1.XLabel.String = 'Lambda [nm]';
ax2.XLabel.String = 'Velocity [m/s]';
ax3.XLabel.String = 'Energy [eV]';

输出:

multiple x axes matlab

修改
2014b graphics changes之前,您需要进行一些调整以获取和设置轴属性。等效代码会更多地使用set命令,看起来像这样:

x = 0:0.1:2*pi;   y = sin(x);
plot(x,y);
ax1 = findobj(gca, 'type', 'axes')
axPos = get(ax1, 'Position');
set(ax1, 'Position', axPos + [0 0.3 0 -0.3]);
set(ax1, 'LineWidth', 2);
ax2 = axes('position', (axPos .* [1 1 1 1e-3]) + [0 0.15 0 0], 'color', 'none', 'linewidth', 2);
ax3 = axes('position', (axPos .* [1 1 1 1e-3]) + [0 0.00 0 0], 'color', 'none', 'linewidth', 2);
set(ax2, 'xlim', [0 10]);
set(ax3, 'xlim', [100 157]);
axes(ax1); xlabel('Lambda [nm]');
axes(ax2); xlabel('Velocity [m/s]');
axes(ax3); xlabel('Energy [eV]');

答案 1 :(得分:1)

以下是如何执行此操作的示例:

msx = [1 50 60 90];
msy = [0 1 3 8];

lx = 90/4*[1 2 3 4]; % Scale the data with respect to the data that will use the "primary" X-axis
ly = [0 2 8 10];

evx = 90/19*[1 7 10 19]; % Scale the data with respect to the data that will use the "primary" X-axis
evy = [0 8 16 20];

figure
a=axes('units','normalized','position',[.1 .35 .7 .6],'xlim',[0 100],'xtick',0:10:100);
plot(lx, ly)
hold on
plot(msx, msy)
hold on
plot(evx, evy)
xlabel(a,'velocity m/s')
b=axes('units','normalized','position',[.1 .21 .7 0.000001],'xlim',[0 4],'color','none', 'xtick',0:1:10);
xlabel(b,'lambda nm');
c=axes('units','normalized','position',[.1 .10 .7 0.000001],'xlim',[0 19],'color','none', 'xtick',0:1:19);
xlabel(c,'energy eV');

对于position:指定为[left bottom width height]形式的四元素向量。默认值[0 0 1 1]包括容器的整个内部。 (见https://de.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/axes-properties.html

输出数字: enter image description here