Question

让我们考虑一个示例XML文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<feats>
  <feat>
    <name>Blindsight, 5-Ft. Radius</name>
    <type>General</type>
    <multiple>No</multiple>
    <stack>No</stack>
    <prerequisite>Base attack bonus +4, Blind-Fight, Wisdom 19.</prerequisite>
    <benefit><div topic="Benefit" level="8"><p><b>Benefit:</b> Using senses such as acute hearing and sensitivity to vibrations, you detect the location of opponents who are no more than 5 feet away from you. <i>Invisibility</i> and <i>darkness</i> are irrelevant, though it you discern incorporeal beings.</p><p/>
</div>
</benefit>
    <full_text>
      <div topic="Blindsight, 5-Ft. Radius" level="3">Lorem ipsum
</div>
</div>
    </full_text>
    <reference>SRD 3.5 DivineAbilitiesandFeats</reference>
  </feat>
</feats>

我希望将<benefit>标记中的文字作为字符串，但不包含<div>标记（<p>和<b>不应删除）。所以在这种情况下，结果将是：

Using senses such as acute hearing and sensitivity to vibrations, you detect the location of opponents who are no more than 5 feet away from you. <i>Invisibility</i> and <i>darkness</i> are irrelevant, though it you discern incorporeal beings.</p><p/>

我设法获得了整个<div>元素但是当我尝试使用.text属性从中获取字符串时，它会给出mo None。

tree = ET.parse(filename)
root = tree.getroot()
data={}
for item in root.findall('feat'):
    data["benefit"]=""

    element = item.find('benefit').find("div")
    print element.text

是否有一个简单的方法可以获得这个文本，或者我必须为它编写特殊功能？

Answer 1

我同意关于BeautifulSoup的mattR，但是

我在你的代码片段中添加了一些正则表达式，它给了我一个不错的结果

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
import re
tree = ET.parse('data.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
data = {};
result = [];
for item in root.iter('benefit'):

    cleaned = re.sub(r'<[^>]*>', '', ET.tostring(item, encoding="utf-8"));
    result.append(cleaned)

print result;
//result ['Benefit: Using senses such as acute hearing and sensitivity to vibrations, you detect the location of opponents who are no more than 5 feet away from you. Invisibility and darkness are irrelevant, though it you discern incorporeal beings.\n\n\n    ']

Answer 2

使用lxml，您可以先找到<b>元素，获取tail并将其与follow-sibling元素组合以产生所需的结果，例如：

from lxml import etree as ET
raw = '''your XML string here'''

root = ET.fromstring(raw)
b = root.xpath("//benefit/div/p/b")[0]
result = b.tail + ''.join(ET.tostring(node) for node in b.xpath("following-sibling::*"))
print result

输出

  Using senses such as acute hearing and sensitivity to vibrations, you detect the location of opponents who are no more than 5 feet away from you. <i>Invisibility</i> and <i>darkness</i> are irrelevant, though it you discern incorporeal beings.

或者，如果您只想简单地获取<p>的内容，包括其中的标记，则可以this way（这个使用lxml或xml.etree ：

p = root.find(".//benefit/div/p")
result = p.text + ''.join(ET.tostring(node) for node in p)

输出

<b>Benefit:</b> Using senses such as acute hearing and sensitivity to vibrations, you detect the location of opponents who are no more than 5 feet away from you. <i>Invisibility</i> and <i>darkness</i> are irrelevant, though it you discern incorporeal beings.

从Python中获取XML文件的价值

2 个答案: