Question

My file contains the following data:

Original:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"> <url> <changefreq>daily</changefreq> <loc>http://www.example.com</loc></url></urlset>

Expected:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><urlset> <url> <changefreq>daily</changefreq> <loc>http://www.example.com</loc></url></urlset>

I use etree to parse the file and I want to remove the attribute from the root element 'urlset'

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("/Users/hsyang/Downloads/VI-0-11-14-2016_20.xml")
root = tree.getroot()

print root.attrib
>> {}

root.attrib.pop("xmlns", None)

print root.attrib
>> {}
ET.tostring(root)

I thought I was supposed to get {xmlns:"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"} when i print root.attrib the first time but I got an empty dictionary. Can someone help?

Appreciate it!

Answer 1

xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"看起来像一个常规属性，但它是一种特殊情况，即名称空间声明。

删除，添加或修改名称空间可能非常困难。＆＃34;正常＆＃34;属性存储在元素的可写attrib属性中。另一方面，命名空间映射不是通过API提供的（在lxml库中，元素确实具有nsmap属性，但它是只读的。）

我建议使用简单的文本搜索和替换操作，类似于Modify namespaces in a given xml document with lxml的答案。像这样：

with open("input.xml", "r") as infile, open("output.xml", "w") as outfile:
    data = infile.read()
    data = data.replace(' xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"', '')
    outfile.write(data)

另见How to insert namespace and prefixes into an XML string with Python?。

Answer 2

在标准库xml.etree.ElementTree中，没有删除属性的特殊方法，但所有属性都存储在attrib dict中，并且可以从{{attrib删除任何属性1}}来自dict：

的密钥

    import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

    tree = ET.parse(file_path)
    root = tree.getroot()      

    print(root.attrib)  # {'xyz': '123'}

    root.attrib.pop("xyz", None)  # None is to not raise an exception if xyz does not exist

    print(root.attrib)  # {}

    ET.tostring(root)
    '<urlset> <url> <changefreq>daily</changefreq> <loc>http://www.example.com</loc></url></urlset>'

How to remove attribute from root element in Python xml etree ElementTree

2 个答案: