当我在中产阶级使用抽象关键字时,代码无效

时间:2010-10-01 07:15:10

标签: c# design-patterns abstract-class

我有以下代码,工作正常:

  public abstract class Beverage
{
    public string description = "Unknown beverage";
    public virtual  string getDescription()
    {
        return description;
    }
    public abstract double cost();
}

public abstract class condimentDecorator : Beverage
{
   // public abstract string getDescription();
}

public class DarkRoast : Beverage
{
    public DarkRoast()
    {
        description = "DarkRoast";
    }
    public override  double cost()
    {
        return 2.10;
    }
}
public class Espresso : Beverage
{
    public Espresso()
    {
        description = "Espresso";
    }
    public override double cost()
    {
        return 1.99;
    }
}

public class HouseBlend : Beverage
{
    public HouseBlend()
    {
        description = "House Blend Coffee";
    }
    public override double cost()
    {
        return .89;
    }
}


public class Mocha : condimentDecorator
{
    Beverage beverage;
    public Mocha(Beverage beverage)
    {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public override string getDescription()
    {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Mocha";
    }
    public override double cost()
    {
        return .20 + beverage.cost();
    }
}

public class Soy : condimentDecorator
{
    Beverage beverage;
    public Soy(Beverage beverage)
    {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public override string getDescription()
    {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Soy";
    }
    public override double cost()
    {
        return .10 + beverage.cost();
    }
}

public class Whip : condimentDecorator
{
    Beverage beverage;
    public Whip(Beverage beverage)
    {
        this.beverage = beverage;
    }

    public override string getDescription()
    {
        return beverage.getDescription() + ", Whip";
    }
    public override double cost()
    {
        return .10 + beverage.cost();
    }
}

我正在以这种方式使用它:

 protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        Beverage beverage2 = new DarkRoast();
        beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
        beverage2 = new Mocha(beverage2);
        beverage2 = new Whip(beverage2);
        Response.Write ("<br> " + beverage2.getDescription() + " : $" + beverage2.cost().ToString());
    }

问题:我希望所有子类“condimentDecorator”强制覆盖getDescription()函数,因为我在“condimentDecorator”类中编写了以下代码:

 public abstract string getDescription();

但是这改变了我当前的功能并且没有给出期望的结果它只显示“未知饮料”作为getDescription()的值,它是父类最多的类的值。

正常结果:

DarkRoast, Mocha, Mocha, Whip : $2.6 

使用“public abstract string getDescription()”后的结果:

Unknown beverage : $2.6 

请建议我应该写什么/更改,以便我可以强制“condimentDecorator”的子类覆盖“getDescription();”并且在没有它的情况下也可以重新开始工作。

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

我认为您的类层次结构可以使用一些重新思考。

这个怎么样:

我的建议是你创建一个界面IBeverage,你可以在所有可饮用的东西上实现它。然后你为“基本”饮料创建一个基类 - DarkRoast,Espresso,HouseBlend - 就像你现在一样。

对于Condiments,您实现了一个实现IBeverage的新抽象基类,但没有提供默认的GetDescription实现。这个类也可以在其构造函数中使用IBeverage来强制其他调味品也这样做。

我认为这样的事情应该有用(未经测试,未编译 - 但你明白了)

public interface IBeverage
{
  string GetDescription ();
}

public abstract class BeverageBase : IBeverage
{
  public virtual string GetDescription () { return "Unknown Beverage"; }
}

public class DarkRoast : BeverageBase { ... }
public class HouseBlend : BeverageBase { ...}

public abstract class CondimentBase : IBeverage
{
  public CondimentBase(IBeverage beverage)
  {
    Beverage = beverage;
  }
  protected IBeverage Beverage { get; set; }
  public abstract string GetDescription ();
}

public class Mocha : CondimentBase 
{
  public Mocha(IBeverage beverage)
    : base (beverage)
  { }
  public string GetDescription()
  {
    return Beverage.GetDescription() + ", Mocha";
  }
}

答案 1 :(得分:1)

快速谷歌证明了这一点: http://codebetter.com/blogs/darrell.norton/archive/2005/05/18/63332.aspx

我没有尝试过代码。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

你可以像这样创建一个新方法:

public abstract class condimentDecorator : Beverage
{
     public override string getDescription()
     {
          return getDescriptionInternal();
     }
     protected abstract string getDescriptionInternal();
}

这样,所有类都必须间接实现getDescription。