我到处搜索但我找不到答案,是否有办法发出简单的HTTP请求?我想在我的某个网站上请求PHP页面/脚本,但我不想显示该网页。
如果可能,我甚至想在后台(在BroadcastReceiver中)
答案 0 :(得分:464)
这是一个非常古老的答案。我绝对不会再推荐Apache的客户了。而是使用:
首先,请求访问网络的权限,在清单中添加以下内容:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
然后最简单的方法是使用与Android捆绑的Apache http客户端:
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(new HttpGet(URL));
StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
if(statusLine.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
response.getEntity().writeTo(out);
String responseString = out.toString();
out.close();
//..more logic
} else{
//Closes the connection.
response.getEntity().getContent().close();
throw new IOException(statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
}
如果您希望它在单独的线程上运行,我建议扩展AsyncTask:
class RequestTask extends AsyncTask<String, String, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... uri) {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response;
String responseString = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(new HttpGet(uri[0]));
StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
if(statusLine.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
response.getEntity().writeTo(out);
responseString = out.toString();
out.close();
} else{
//Closes the connection.
response.getEntity().getContent().close();
throw new IOException(statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
} catch (IOException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
}
return responseString;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
//Do anything with response..
}
}
然后您可以通过以下方式提出请求:
new RequestTask().execute("http://stackoverflow.com");
答案 1 :(得分:65)
除非您有明确的理由选择Apache HttpClient,否则您应该更喜欢java.net.URLConnection。你可以找到很多关于如何在网上使用它的例子。
自从您的原始帖子http://developer.android.com/reference/java/net/HttpURLConnection.html 以来,我们还改进了Android文档我们在官方博客上谈到了权衡:http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/09/androids-http-clients.html
答案 2 :(得分:42)
注意:与Android捆绑在一起的Apache HTTP Client现已弃用,而不是HttpURLConnection。有关详细信息,请参阅Android开发者Blog。
将<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
添加到您的清单。
然后您将检索如下网页:
URL url = new URL("http://www.android.com/");
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
try {
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
readStream(in);
}
finally {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
我还建议在一个单独的线程上运行它:
class RequestTask extends AsyncTask<String, String, String>{
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... uri) {
String responseString = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(myurl);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
if(conn.getResponseCode() == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
// Do normal input or output stream reading
}
else {
response = "FAILED"; // See documentation for more info on response handling
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
} catch (IOException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
}
return responseString;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
//Do anything with response..
}
}
有关响应处理和POST请求的详细信息,请参阅documentation。
答案 3 :(得分:12)
最简单的方法是使用名为Volley
的Android库Volley提供以下好处:
自动安排网络请求。 多个并发网络 连接即可。透明磁盘和内存响应缓存 标准HTTP缓存一致性。支持请求优先级。 取消请求API。您可以取消单个请求,也可以取消 设置取消的请求块或范围。易于定制,适合 例如,重试和退避。强大的订购使其变得容易 使用从异步中获取的数据正确填充UI 网络。调试和跟踪工具。
您可以像这样简单地发送http / https请求:
// Instantiate the RequestQueue.
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
String url ="http://www.yourapi.com";
JsonObjectRequest request = new JsonObjectRequest(url, null,
new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
if (null != response) {
try {
//handle your response
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
}
});
queue.add(request);
在这种情况下,您不必考虑“在后台运行”或“使用缓存”,因为所有这些都已由Volley完成。
答案 4 :(得分:6)
private String getToServer(String service) throws IOException {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(service);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
return new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpget, responseHandler);
}
此致
答案 5 :(得分:5)
看看这个可以通过gradle获得的令人敬畏的新库:)
build.gradle:compile 'com.apptakk.http_request:http-request:0.1.2'
用法:
new HttpRequestTask(
new HttpRequest("http://httpbin.org/post", HttpRequest.POST, "{ \"some\": \"data\" }"),
new HttpRequest.Handler() {
@Override
public void response(HttpResponse response) {
if (response.code == 200) {
Log.d(this.getClass().toString(), "Request successful!");
} else {
Log.e(this.getClass().toString(), "Request unsuccessful: " + response);
}
}
}).execute();
答案 6 :(得分:4)
用线程:
private class LoadingThread extends Thread {
Handler handler;
LoadingThread(Handler h) {
handler = h;
}
@Override
public void run() {
Message m = handler.obtainMessage();
try {
BufferedReader in =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
String page = "";
String inLine;
while ((inLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
page += inLine;
}
in.close();
Bundle b = new Bundle();
b.putString("result", page);
m.setData(b);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
handler.sendMessage(m);
}
}
答案 7 :(得分:3)
我为一个Web服务做了这个,使用Gson lib来请求URL:
客户端:
public EstabelecimentoList getListaEstabelecimentoPorPromocao(){
EstabelecimentoList estabelecimentoList = new EstabelecimentoList();
try{
URL url = new URL("http://" + Conexao.getSERVIDOR()+ "/cardapio.online/rest/recursos/busca_estabelecimento_promocao_android");
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
if (con.getResponseCode() != 200) {
throw new RuntimeException("HTTP error code : "+ con.getResponseCode());
}
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((con.getInputStream())));
estabelecimentoList = new Gson().fromJson(br, EstabelecimentoList.class);
con.disconnect();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return estabelecimentoList;
}
答案 8 :(得分:2)
这是android中HTTP Get / POST请求的新代码。 HTTPClient
已被删除,可能无法使用,就像我的情况一样。
首先在build.gradle中添加两个依赖项:
compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.1'
compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5'
然后在ASyncTask
方法的doBackground
中编写此代码。
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/web/get?key=value");
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
int statusCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode == 200) {
InputStream it = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(it);
BufferedReader buff = new BufferedReader(read);
StringBuilder dta = new StringBuilder();
String chunks ;
while((chunks = buff.readLine()) != null)
{
dta.append(chunks);
}
}
else
{
//Handle else
}
答案 9 :(得分:2)
按照上面的建议使用Volley。将以下内容添加到build.gradle(模块:应用程序)
implementation 'com.android.volley:volley:1.1.1'
在AndroidManifest.xml中添加以下内容:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
并向您添加以下活动代码:
public void httpCall(String url) {
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, url,
new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
// enjoy your response
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
// enjoy your error status
}
});
queue.add(stringRequest);
}
它取代了http客户端,非常简单。
答案 10 :(得分:1)
对我来说,最简单的方法是使用名为Retrofit2
的库我们只需要创建一个包含我们的请求方法,参数的接口,并且我们也可以为每个请求创建自定义标头:
public interface MyService {
@GET("users/{user}/repos")
Call<List<Repo>> listRepos(@Path("user") String user);
@GET("user")
Call<UserDetails> getUserDetails(@Header("Authorization") String credentials);
@POST("users/new")
Call<User> createUser(@Body User user);
@FormUrlEncoded
@POST("user/edit")
Call<User> updateUser(@Field("first_name") String first,
@Field("last_name") String last);
@Multipart
@PUT("user/photo")
Call<User> updateUser(@Part("photo") RequestBody photo,
@Part("description") RequestBody description);
@Headers({
"Accept: application/vnd.github.v3.full+json",
"User-Agent: Retrofit-Sample-App"
})
@GET("users/{username}")
Call<User> getUser(@Path("username") String username);
}
最好的是,我们可以使用enqueue方法轻松异步地进行
答案 11 :(得分:1)
由于没有一个答案描述了使用OkHttp执行请求的方法,这对于Android和Java来说现在非常流行的http客户端,我将提供一个简单的例子:
//get an instance of the client
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
//add parameters
HttpUrl.Builder urlBuilder = HttpUrl.parse("https://www.example.com").newBuilder();
urlBuilder.addQueryParameter("query", "stack-overflow");
String url = urlBuilder.build().toString();
//build the request
Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
//execute
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
这个库的明显优势在于它从一些低级细节中抽象出来,提供了更加友好和安全的方式来与它们进行交互。语法也简化了,允许编写漂亮的代码。