Question

首先我提前道歉，如果我的问题很难理解，因为我是python的初学者而且因为已经很晚了而累了。

我试图找出为什么我在创建此函数时继续接收错误，以获取文本文件并创建包含单词和频率的字典，并打印文件中频率最高的单词。 / p>

这是我的代码：

def poet(filename):
    word_frequency = {}
    with open(filename,'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            for word in line.split():
                word = word.replace('.',"")
                word = word.replace(',',"")
                word = word.replace(';',"")
                if word in word_frequency:
                    word_frequency[word] += 1;
                else:
                    word_frequency[word] = 1;
most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)
print("The word " + most_freq_word + " is in text ")
str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times"
print(word_frequency)


poet('Poem.txt')

以下是我收到的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/Noah/Desktop/Python/3.py", line 20, in <module>
    str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times"
NameError: name 'word_frequency' is not defined

此外，如果有任何不清楚的地方请发表评论，我会立即回复，谢谢你。

编辑：

感谢您的回复，我已将其实现到我的代码中，但我现在收到此错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/Noah/Desktop/Python/3.py", line 20, in <module>
    poet('FrostPoem.txt')
  File "C:/Users/Noah/Desktop/Python/3.py", line 14, in poet
    most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)
TypeError: 'dict' object is not callable

新代码是：

def poet(filename):
    word_frequency = {}
    with open(filename,'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            for word in line.split():
                word = word.replace('.',"")
                word = word.replace(',',"")
                word = word.replace(';',"")
                if word in word_frequency:
                    word_frequency[word] += 1;
                else:
                    word_frequency[word] = 1;

    most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)
    print("The word " + most_freq_word + " is in text " + \
    str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times")
    print(word_frequency)


poet('Poem.txt')

Answer 1

啊哈，这是你的问题：你的几行应该在里面这个函数，如下所示：

def poet(filename):
    word_frequency = {}
    with open(filename,'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            for word in line.split():
                word = word.replace('.',"")
                word = word.replace(',',"")
                word = word.replace(';',"")
                if word in word_frequency:
                    word_frequency[word] += 1;
                else:
                    word_frequency[word] = 1;

    most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)
    print("The word " + most_freq_word + " is in text " + \
    str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times")
    print(word_frequency)


poet('Poem.txt')

现在，您可能希望此功能更具可重用性，例如，如果您不想立即打印但想要使用word_frequency做更多事情。在这种情况下，您需要一个return语句，您的代码可能如下所示：

def poet(filename):
    word_frequency = {}
    with open(filename,'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            for word in line.split():
                word = word.replace('.',"")
                word = word.replace(',',"")
                word = word.replace(';',"")
                if word in word_frequency:
                    word_frequency[word] += 1;
                else:
                    word_frequency[word] = 1;

    return word_frequency

word_freq = poet('Poem.txt')
most_freq_word = max(word_freq, key=word_freq)
print("The word " + most_freq_word + " is in text " + \
str(word_freq[most_freq_word]) + " times")
print(word_freq)

为了响应您的编辑，请替换此行

    most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)

这一行

    most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=lambda x:word_frequency[x])

根据键的值获得最大值。

Answer 2

在python中执行此str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times"时，它假设之前已声明word_frequency。在您word_frequency函数中声明了poet。

检查是否存在缩进问题。

你需要字典键要解决此问题，请使用key=word_frequency.get

Answer 3

您在函数word_frequency中定义poet()，因此范围是本地的，但您在外面使用字典，这会产生错误。

def poet(filename):
    word_frequency = {}
    with open(filename,'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        for word in line.split():
            word = word.replace('.',"")
            word = word.replace(',',"")
            word = word.replace(';',"")
            if word in word_frequency:
                word_frequency[word] += 1;
            else:
                word_frequency[word] = 1;
    most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)
    print("The word " + most_freq_word + " is in text ")
    str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times"
    print(word_frequency)

poet('Poem.txt')

将所有指令放在函数中，它应该可以工作。

Answer 4

您可以按如下方式使用Counter：

from collections import Counter

def poet(filename):
    with open(filename, "r") as f:
        counter = Counter(f.read().split())
    return counter

如果你想剥离＆＃39;，＆＃39;或＆＃39;;＆＃39;例如，只需将其剥离或映射到列表上以删除它们。

Answer 5

word_frequency仅在poet函数的范围内定义。要在函数外部访问它，您应该将其返回

word_frequency = poet('Poem.txt')
most_freq_word = max(word_frequency, key=word_frequency)
print("The word " + most_freq_word + " is in text ")
str(word_frequency[most_freq_word]) + " times"
print(word_frequency)

还有更好的解决方案可以解决您的问题。您可以查看collections.Counter。该示例完全符合您的要求

Python函数用于获取文本文件并使用键作为单词和值创建字典作为频率

5 个答案: