我需要使用Perl将格式化文本解析为XML。 它是.cfg文件，其中包含格式化文本。
file ::
的某些部分system
name "NILpv-BNG34"
contact "Wayne Ritchie/NGN OPERATIONS 0800 4 NGNOP (0800 464 667)"
location "NIL, Level 1, Tory Street, Wellington."
clli-code "BNG_v15 "
chassis-mode c
dns
exit
persistence
subscriber-mgmt
location cf2:
exit
exit
snmp
streaming
no shutdown
exit
packet-size 9216
exit
time
ntp
server 10.78.247.155 prefer
no shutdown
exit
sntp
shutdown
exit
dst-zone NZDT
start last sunday september 02:00
end first sunday april 03:00
exit
zone NZST
exit
thresholds
rmon
exit
exit
exit
文件中的所有文字都格式化为4个空格和exit。
我想过将上面的文字改为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<system>
<name>"WR-BNG01"</name>
<contact>"NGN OPERATIONS 0800 4 NGNOP (0800 464667)"</contact>
<location>"Whangarei Telephone exchange"</location>
<clli-code>"BNG_v4 "</clli-code>
<chassis-mode>c</chassis-mode>
<dns />
<persistence>
<subscriber-mgmt>
<location>cf2:</location>
</subscriber-mgmt>
</persistence>
<snmp>
<packet-size>9216</packet-size>
</snmp>
<time>
<ntp>
<server>10.72.14.17</server>
<server>10.74.14.26 prefer</server>
<no>shutdown</no>
</ntp>
<sntp>
<shutdown />
</sntp>
<dst-zone_NZDT>
<start>last sunday september 02:00</start>
<end>first sunday april 03:00</end>
</dst-zone_NZDT>
<zone>NZST</zone>
</time>
<thresholds>
<rmon />
</thresholds>
</system>
我为此编写了一个Perl脚本，但在某些情况下它不起作用。
cpu-protection
policy 1 create
exit
policy 254 create
exit
policy 255 create
exit
exit
这里，XML变为
<cpu-protection>
<policy>1 create</policy>
<policy>254 create</policy>
<policy>255 create</policy>
</cpu-protection>
而不是
<cpu-protection>
<policy_1_create></policy_1_create>
<policy_254_create></policy_254_create>
<policy_255_create></policy_255_create>
</cpu-protection>
我的脚本（将数据更改为XML的部分）::
foreach my $i ( 1 .. $index ) {
@grabbed = @grabbed_1 if $i == 1;
@grabbed = @grabbed_2 if $i == 2;
my $currentLine;
my $previousLineSpaceLength = 0;
my $currentLineSpaceLength = 0;
my $nextLineSpaceLength = 0;
my @exitTags;
my $exitTag = '';
my @tag;
my $lineSplits;
my $xmlString = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>';
foreach my $i ( 0 .. $#grabbed ) {
$currentLine = $grabbed[$i];
$currentLine =~ /^\s*/;
$currentLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
chomp($currentLine);
$currentLine =~ s/^\s+//;
$currentLine =~ s/\s+$//;
#$currentLine =~ s/"//g;
@tag = split ' ', $currentLine, 2;
$lineSplits = scalar @tag;
if ( $previousLineSpaceLength == 0 ) {
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
if ( $lineSplits == 1 ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ( $lineSplits == 2 ) {
$nextLine = $grabbed[ $i + 1 ];
$nextLine =~ /^\s*/;
$nextLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
if ( $nextLineSpaceLength > $currentLineSpaceLength ) {
$xmlString =
$xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
}
else {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '>' . $tag[1];
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '>';
}
}
#$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
#$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength > $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $exitTag ne '' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
push @exitTags, $exitTag;
if ( $lineSplits == 1 ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ( $lineSplits == 2 ) {
$nextLine = $grabbed[ $i + 1 ];
$nextLine =~ /^\s*/;
$nextLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
if ( $nextLineSpaceLength > $currentLineSpaceLength ) {
$xmlString =
$xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
}
else {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '>' . $tag[1];
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '>';
}
}
#$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
#$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength == $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $currentLine ne 'exit' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
if ( $exitTag ne 'exit' ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . $exitTag;
}
if ( $lineSplits == 1 ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ( $lineSplits == 2 ) {
$nextLine = $grabbed[ $i + 1 ];
$nextLine =~ /^\s*/;
$nextLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
if ( $nextLineSpaceLength > $currentLineSpaceLength ) {
$xmlString =
$xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
}
else {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '>' . $tag[1];
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '>';
}
}
#$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
#$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength == $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $currentLine eq 'exit' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
$xmlString = $xmlString . $exitTag;
$exitTag = $currentLine;
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength < $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $currentLine eq 'exit' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
if ( $exitTag ne 'exit' ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . $exitTag;
}
$xmlString = $xmlString . pop @exitTags;
$exitTag = $currentLine;
}
}
push @XMLStrings, $xmlString;
}
请帮助修正所需的更正。
完整代码::
#!/usr/bin/perl
use Data::Dumper;
use XML::XPath;
use XML::DOM;
my $file1 = "1.cfg";
my $file2 = "2.cfg";
my @configFiles = ( $file1, $file2 );
my $templateFile = "template.cfg";
my @configModules;
my %configurationsHash;
my $configName;
open( TEMPLATE, "<" . $templateFile ) or die "cannot open file";
while (<TEMPLATE>) {
chomp($_);
push @configModules, $_ if /^[[:alpha:]]/;
$configName = $_ if /^[[:alpha:]]/;
push @{ $configurationsHash{$configName} }, $_ if /^\//;
}
close(TEMPLATE);
foreach $configSubModule (@configModules) {
chomp($configSubModule);
my $index = 0;
my @grabbed_1;
my @grabbed_2;
foreach my $file (@configFiles) {
my $last = 0, $end = 0;
$index++;
open( CONFIGFILE, "<" . $file );
while (<CONFIGFILE>) {
if (/$configSubModule/) {
while (<CONFIGFILE>) {
if (/#---/) {
$end = 1, last if $last;
$last = 1;
}
else {
push @grabbed_1, $_ if $index == 1;
push @grabbed_2, $_ if $index == 2;
}
}
}
last if $end;
}
}
my @grabbed;
my @XMLStrings;
foreach my $i ( 1 .. $index ) {
@grabbed = @grabbed_1 if $i == 1;
@grabbed = @grabbed_2 if $i == 2;
my $currentLine;
my $previousLineSpaceLength = 0;
my $currentLineSpaceLength = 0;
my $nextLineSpaceLength = 0;
my @exitTags;
my $exitTag = '';
my @tag;
my $lineSplits;
my $xmlString = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>';
foreach my $i ( 0 .. $#grabbed ) {
$currentLine = $grabbed[$i];
$currentLine =~ /^\s*/;
$currentLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
chomp($currentLine);
$currentLine =~ s/^\s+//;
$currentLine =~ s/\s+$//;
#$currentLine =~ s/"//g;
@tag = split ' ', $currentLine, 2;
$lineSplits = scalar @tag;
if ( $previousLineSpaceLength == 0 ) {
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
if ( $lineSplits == 1 ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ( $lineSplits == 2 ) {
$nextLine = $grabbed[ $i + 1 ];
$nextLine =~ /^\s*/;
$nextLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
if ( $nextLineSpaceLength > $currentLineSpaceLength ) {
$xmlString =
$xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
}
else {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '>' . $tag[1];
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '>';
}
}
#$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
#$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength > $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $exitTag ne '' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
push @exitTags, $exitTag;
if ( $lineSplits == 1 ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ( $lineSplits == 2 ) {
$nextLine = $grabbed[ $i + 1 ];
$nextLine =~ /^\s*/;
$nextLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
if ( $nextLineSpaceLength > $currentLineSpaceLength ) {
$xmlString =
$xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
}
else {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '>' . $tag[1];
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '>';
}
}
#$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
#$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength == $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $currentLine ne 'exit' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
if ( $exitTag ne 'exit' ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . $exitTag;
}
if ( $lineSplits == 1 ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ( $lineSplits == 2 ) {
$nextLine = $grabbed[ $i + 1 ];
$nextLine =~ /^\s*/;
$nextLineSpaceLength = $+[0];
if ( $nextLineSpaceLength > $currentLineSpaceLength ) {
$xmlString =
$xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '_' . $tag[1] . '>';
}
else {
$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $tag[0] . '>' . $tag[1];
$exitTag = '</' . $tag[0] . '>';
}
}
#$xmlString = $xmlString . '<' . $currentLine . '>';
#$exitTag = '</' . $currentLine . '>';
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength == $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $currentLine eq 'exit' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
$xmlString = $xmlString . $exitTag;
$exitTag = $currentLine;
}
elsif ($currentLineSpaceLength < $previousLineSpaceLength
&& $currentLine eq 'exit' )
{
$previousLineSpaceLength = $currentLineSpaceLength;
if ( $exitTag ne 'exit' ) {
$xmlString = $xmlString . $exitTag;
}
$xmlString = $xmlString . pop @exitTags;
$exitTag = $currentLine;
}
}
push @XMLStrings, $xmlString;
}
print "\n", 'Configuration :: ', $configSubModule, "\n";
foreach my $path ( @{ $configurationsHash{$configSubModule} } ) {
$path =~ s/\s+/_/g;
print $path;
my $XMLIndex = 0;
my @XMLOne;
my @XMLTwo;
foreach my $xml (@XMLStrings) {
$XMLIndex++;
$xp = XML::XPath->new($xml);
if ( $xp->find($path) ) {
my $nodeset = $xp->find($path);
my @nodeList = $nodeset->get_nodelist;
foreach my $node (@nodeList) {
my @childNodes = $node->getChildNodes;
foreach my $childNode (@childNodes) {
print "\n", $childNode->getName;
}
}
}
else {
print $path, ' => Not Available in file : ' . $XMLIndex, "\n";
}
print "\n";
}
}
}
需要比较两个.cfg文件并显示差异。
所需的模式取自另一个文件。
System Configuration
#/system
#/system/persistence
/system/snmp/streaming
/system/time
#/system/time/ntp
#/system/time/sntp
/system/time/dst-zone NZDT
#/system/thresholds
System Security Configuration
#/system
#/system/security
#/system/security/management-access-filter
#/system/security/management-access-filter/ip-filter
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我建议使用XML::Writer。它将跟踪仍待关闭的未完成开放标签的堆栈
看起来像这样
use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::Writer;
my $writer = XML::Writer->new( DATA_MODE => 1, DATA_INDENT => ' ');
$writer->xmlDecl('UTF-8');
while ( <DATA> ) {
next unless /^(\s*)(\S.*\S*)/;
my $tag = $2 =~ tr/ /_/r;
if ( $tag eq 'exit' ) {
$writer->endTag;
}
else {
$writer->startTag($tag);
}
}
$writer->end;
__DATA__
cpu-protection
policy 1 create
exit
policy 254 create
exit
policy 255 create
exit
exit
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<cpu-protection>
<policy_1_create></policy_1_create>
<policy_254_create></policy_254_create>
<policy_255_create></policy_255_create>
</cpu-protection>
答案 1 :(得分：0)
另一种选择，如果你可以依赖数据
#!/usr/bin/perl -l
use warnings;
use strict;
my @tags = ();
print qq[<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>\n];
while (<DATA>) {
chomp;
s/^\s+//;
if (@tags and $_ eq 'exit') {
print sprintf("%s</%s>", (" " x (scalar(@tags)-1)), pop @tags);
}
else {
tr/a-zA-Z0-9-/_/cs;
print sprintf("%s<%s>", (" " x scalar(@tags)), $_);
push @tags, $_;
}
}
__DATA__
cpu-protection
policy 1 create
exit
policy 254 create
exit
policy 255 create
exit
exit
输出
$ perl script3.pl
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<cpu-protection>
<policy_1_create>
</policy_1_create>
<policy_254_create>
</policy_254_create>
<policy_255_create>
</policy_255_create>
</cpu-protection>
$
答案 2 :(得分：0)
将数据转换为XML以比较和显示差异。
@redeemables = @business.redeemables.order('(CASE WHEN expiry_date IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) desc, expiry_date desc')