vector resize(),push.back(),reserve()方法

时间:2015-08-12 21:02:08

标签: c++ vector

我是使用矢量的新手,使用它们有点困惑。我写了一些代码,并在评论中添加了一些问题。除了我的评论中的问题,为什么我们需要使用reserve()进行分配?如果我们分配,我们将使用不会吗?如果我们需要分配,resize()reserve()更有用吗?我真的被卡住了。

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    vector<int> a_vector( 10 );
    // equal vector<int> a_vector( 10,0 ); ?
    cout << "value of vector first " << a_vector.at(0) << endl; //LEGAL
    // cout << a_vector.at(10); // ILLEGAL
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;
    a_vector.push_back( 100 );
    cout << "value of vector at ten " << a_vector.at(10) << endl; //LEGAL
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;
    a_vector.pop_back();
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;

    a_vector.resize( 12 );
    // also does it mean a_vector[10] = 0; and a_vector[11] = 0;?
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;
    cout << "value of vector at ten " << a_vector.at(10) << endl; //LEGAL
    cout << "value eleventh " << a_vector.at(11) << endl; //LEGAL
    a_vector.pop_back();
    a_vector.pop_back();
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
    {
        //doesn't it same as a_vector.resize( 12 ); now ?
        //so why do we need resize(); ?
        //also do I need reserve() for using push_back() like this ?
        a_vector.push_back(0);
    }
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;
    a_vector.pop_back();
    a_vector.pop_back();
    cout << "vector size " << a_vector.size() << endl;


    return 0;
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

vector<int> a_vector( 10 );
// equal vector<int> a_vector( 10,0 ); ?

是的,它隐含vector<int> a_vector(10, int());

cout << "value of vector first " << a_vector.at(0) << endl; //LEGAL
// cout << a_vector.at(10); // ILLEGAL

不违法,只会抛出异常。

a_vector.resize( 12 );
// also does it mean a_vector[10] = 0; and a_vector[11] = 0;?

是。新元素是默认构造的。

for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
    //doesn't it same as a_vector.resize( 12 ); now ?
    //so why do we need resize(); ?
    //also do I need reserve() for using push_back() like this ?
    a_vector.push_back(0);
}

是的,在这种情况下它是一样的。致电resize的时间更短。

总结:

  • resize删除或添加默认构造值,以便使容器的大小为一个
  • reserve更多地与容器的容量有关,这是动态分配的数组的内部大小