我已经在javascript中编写了quicksort,但我想尝试使用随机数据创建一个,而不是选择数组中的第一个或最后一个元素:
function qsort(a) {
//base case
if (a.length === 0) return [];
//setting the pivot as the last element.
var left = [],
right = [],
pivot = a[a.length - 1];
//look before the pivot. everything less than it goes to its left, more than it, to its right.
for (var i = a.length - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
a[i] < pivot ? left.push(a[i]) : right.push(a[i]);
}
//you then do this recursively until the basecase, pivoting/sorting all sub arrays, then concatenating the left side with the pivot and the right side.
return qsort(left).concat(pivot, qsort(right));
}
console.log(qsort([9, 8, 7, 6, 10, 5]));//[5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
我以为我可以这样做:
pivot = a[Math.floor(Math.random() * a.length)];
我被绊倒的地方是,一旦你将数据分配为数组中的随机值,我的for循环的参数将不再有效。在此函数/ for循环中考虑随机数据透视并使其正确排序的最佳方法是什么?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
Amadan提供的解决方案无法处理包含非唯一值的数组。以下解决方案应该能够处理任何整数数组,包括具有非唯一值的整数数组。例如[4,6,6,3,4,4,2]
function quickSort (arr, left = 0, right = arr.length - 1) {
if (arr.length > 1) {
const position = partition(arr, left, right)
if (left < position - 1) quickSort(arr, left, position - 1)
if (position < right) quickSort(arr, position, right)
}
return arr
}
function partition (arr, left, right) {
const pivot = arr[Math.floor(Math.random() * (right - left + 1) + left)]
while (left <= right) {
while (arr[left] < pivot) {
left++
}
while (arr[right] > pivot) {
right--
}
if (left <= right) {
swap(arr, left, right)
left++
right--
}
}
return left
}
function swap (arr, left, right) {
const temp = arr[left]
arr[left] = arr[right]
arr[right] = temp
}
module.exports = { quickSort }
答案 1 :(得分:1)
显而易见的事情是制作一个枢轴阵列,在这里你可以填充与枢轴相等的元素。
另一种方法是记住枢轴的索引以及值,并在循环的顶部跳过它(它将覆盖整个数组):
if (i == pivotIndex) continue;
另一种通常在C中用来避免分配的方法是在一个数组中完成所有操作。
function qsort(array, start, end) {
if (start === undefined) {
start = 0;
end = array.length - 1;
} else if (start >= end) {
return array;
}
var rStart = start, rEnd = end;
var pivot = array[Math.floor(Math.random() * (end - start + 1) + start)];
while (start < end) {
while (array[start] <= pivot) start++;
while (array[end] > pivot) end--;
if (start < end) {
var temp = array[start];
array[start] = array[end];
array[end] = temp;
}
}
qsort(array, rStart, start - 1);
qsort(array, start, rEnd);
return array;
}
console.log(qsort([9, 8, 7, 6, 10, 5]));//[5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]