类方法属性继承

时间:2015-03-06 16:23:47

标签: python inheritance class-method python-decorators

我想构建一个类,该类具有一个类方法,该类返回一个实例化的类的实例,该实例使用从私有类属性中提取的任何预定义的默认值集。但是,我发现,如果我创建一个带有私有类属性覆盖的类,则类方法似乎仍然使用父类的版本!为什么会这样?

这是一个MWE,展示了这个问题:

class MyCoolBeansClass:

    __MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr = {'FizzBuzz': {'foo': 'Fizz', 'bar': 'Buzz'},
                                 'WimWam': {'foo': 'Wim', 'bar': 'Wam'}}

    def __init__(self, foo, bar):
        self.foo = foo
        self.bar = bar

    def __str__(self):
        return 'foo: {foo}\tbar: {bar}'.format(foo=self.foo, bar=self.bar)

    @classmethod
    def specificBeanz(cls, cbtype, printclass=False):
        """ Create a specific instance from a pre-determined set of instances """
        if printclass:
            print("Class Name: " + cls.__name__)

        if cbtype not in cls.__MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr.keys():
            raise ValueError('Invalid pre-determined Beanz, valid values are: ' + 
                             ', '.join(cls.__MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr.keys()))

        kwargs = cls.__MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr[cbtype]
        return cls(**kwargs)

class MyCubeGleamer(MyCoolBeansClass):
    __MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr = {'GleamCube': {'foo': 'Gleam', 'bar': 'Cube'},
                                'FogSnarl': {'foo': 'Fog', 'bar': 'Snarl'}}

if __name__ == "__main__":
    FizzBuzz = MyCoolBeansClass.specificBeanz('FizzBuzz', printclass=True)
    print(FizzBuzz)

    WimWam = MyCoolBeansClass.specificBeanz('WimWam', printclass=True)
    print(WimWam)

    GleamCube = MyCubeGleamer.specificBeanz('GleamCube', printclass=True)
    print(GleamCube)

运行此命令:

> testinheritance.py
Class Name: MyCoolBeansClass
foo: Fizz       bar: Buzz
Class Name: MyCoolBeansClass
foo: Wim        bar: Wam
Class Name: MyCubeGleamer
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testinheritance.py", line 37, in <module>
    GleamCube = MyCubeGleamer.specificBeanz('GleamCube', printclass=True)
  File "testinheritance.py", line 21, in specificBeanz
    ', '.join(cls.__MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr.keys()))
ValueError: Invalid pre-determined Beanz, valid values are: FizzBuzz, WimWam
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

正如您所看到的,在MyCubeGleamer.specificBeanz()来电中,cls.__name__似乎工作正常,但cls.__MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr正在检索MyCoolBeansClass.__MyCoolBeansPrivateAttr

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

正确。双重初始下划线会破坏属性名称,以便阻止子项轻松访问它们。它们不是,但实际上是私有的,因为没有&#34;私有&#34;在Python中。将属性名称切换为使用单个初始下划线。