我有一个非常精细的XML我已经能够解析它的大部分但是我遇到了一棵树，只是让我难过，我害怕我正在努力，然后它需要。 这是我所指的XML。
<Codes>
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Account" label="Account" distributionType="PercentOfPrice">
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0">
<Value>7200</Value>
<Description>General Supplies</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1">
<Value>7200</Value>
<Description>General Supplies</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2">
<Value>7200</Value>
<Description>General Supplies</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
</CustomFieldValueSet>
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Activity" label="Activity" distributionType="PercentOfPrice" />
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Chart" label="Chart" distributionType="PercentOfPrice">
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0">
<Value>T</Value>
<Description>University</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1">
<Value>T</Value>
<Description>University</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2">
<Value>T</Value>
<Description>University</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
</CustomFieldValueSet>
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Fund" label="Fund" distributionType="PercentOfPrice">
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0">
<Value>360806</Value>
<Description>National Institutes of Health</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1">
<Value>360903</Value>
<Description>National Institutes of Health</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2">
<Value>360957</Value>
<Description>National Institutes of Health</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
</CustomFieldValueSet>
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Program" label="Program" distributionType="PercentOfPrice">
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0">
<Value>02</Value>
<Description>Research</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1">
<Value>02</Value>
<Description>Research</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2">
<Value>02</Value>
<Description>Research</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
</CustomFieldValueSet>
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Location" label="Location" distributionType="PercentOfPrice">
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0">
<Value>015</Value>
<Description>Biology - Life Science</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1">
<Value>015</Value>
<Description>Biology - Life Science</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2">
<Value>015</Value>
<Description>Biology - Life Science</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
</CustomFieldValueSet>
<CustomFieldValueSet name="Organization" label="Organization" distributionType="PercentOfPrice">
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="10.00" splitindex="0">
<Value>04400</Value>
<Description>TUSM:Neuroscience</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="1">
<Value>04400</Value>
<Description>TUSM:Neuroscience</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
<CustomFieldValue distributionValue="45.00" splitindex="2">
<Value>04400</Value>
<Description>TUSM:Neuroscience</Description>
</CustomFieldValue>
</CustomFieldValueSet>
</Codes>
我试图找到一个看起来像这样的列表。
Account distributionType Activity distributionValue Fund
7200 PercentOfPrice "" 10 360806
7200 PercentOfPrice "" 45 360903
7200 PercentOfPrice "" 45 360957
等...
我编写的代码看起来像这样。这是一个片段。请注意，我认为我已经过度复杂了。
if (tagName == "Codes")
{
// Create another reader that contains just the accounting elements.
XmlReader inner = reader.ReadSubtree();
//inner.ReadToDescendant("Codes");
//printOutXML(inner);
while (inner.Read())
{
switch (inner.NodeType)
{
//walk down the xml hiearchy then simply fill in the values.
case XmlNodeType.Element:
switch (reader.Name)
{
case "CustomFieldValueSet":
//get the attribute that we are currently working with such as account and
innerTagName=inner.GetAttribute("name");
// activity and location can potentially be blank therefore i will check here if it is
//and if it is i will immediate assign the activity list a set of empty quotes.
if (innerTagName == "Activity")
{
if (inner.IsEmptyElement)
{ //quickly put fillers in .
for (int i = 0; i < thisInvoice.account.Count; i++)
{
thisInvoice.activity.Add("");
}
}
}
if (innerTagName == "Location")
{
if (inner.IsEmptyElement)
{ //quickly put fillers in .
for (int i = 0; i < thisInvoice.account.Count; i++)
{
thisInvoice.location.Add("");
}
//thisInvoice.activity.Add("");
}
}
if (null == inner.GetAttribute("distributionType"))
{
distType = null;
}
else if
(distributionSwitch == false)
{
thisInvoice.distributionType.Add(inner.GetAttribute("distributionType") ?? "");
distType = inner.GetAttribute("distributionType") ?? "";
}
//Console.WriteLine(inner.Value);
//Console.WriteLine(inner.Name);
break;
case "CustomFieldValue":
if(null == inner.GetAttribute("distributionValue"))
//thisInvoice.distributionValue.Add(inner.GetAttribute("distributionValue") ?? "");
{/*do nothing*/}
else if
(distributionSwitch == false)
{
thisInvoice.distributionValue.Add(inner.GetAttribute("distributionValue") ?? "");
}
//check the length of the current distribution if the lenght is less than the curren distribution value
// then we must then add the values to the new location.
if (thisInvoice.distributionValue.Count > thisInvoice.distributionType.Count)
{
for (int i = 0; i < thisInvoice.distributionValue.Count - thisInvoice.distributionType.Count; i++)
{
thisInvoice.distributionType.Add(distType);
}
}
break;
case "Value":
// XmlNodeType.Text
if (innerTagName == "Account"/*&& inner.NodeType ==XmlNodeType.Text*/)
{
inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text
inner.Read();
thisInvoice.account.Add(inner.Value);
}
if (innerTagName == "Activity")
{
// activitiy is not a mandartory field so it could be empty therefore we need
// to check if its a self closing tag and if it is then we need to assign and
if (inner.IsEmptyElement)
{
thisInvoice.activity.Add("");
}
else
{
inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text
inner.Read();
thisInvoice.activity.Add(inner.Value);
}
}
if (innerTagName == "Location")
{
if (inner.IsEmptyElement)
{
thisInvoice.location.Add("");
}
else
{
inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text
inner.Read();
thisInvoice.location.Add(inner.Value);
}
}
if (innerTagName == "Fund")
{
inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text
inner.Read();
thisInvoice.fund.Add(inner.Value);
}
if (innerTagName == "Organization")
{
inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text
inner.Read();
thisInvoice.org.Add(inner.Value);
}
if (innerTagName == "Program")
{
inner.MoveToContent();// move to the text
inner.Read();
thisInvoice.prog.Add(inner.Value);
}
break;
}//end switch
break;//brake the outside case.
case XmlNodeType.EndElement:
if (inner.Name == "CustomFieldValueSet" || inner.Value == "CustomFieldValueSet")
{
distributionSwitch = true;
Console.WriteLine(reader.Value);
Console.WriteLine(reader.Name);
}
if (inner.Name == "Codes")
{
distributionSwitch = false;
distType = null;
inner.Close();
}
break;
}//end switch
}//end while
}//end the if;
在标签distributionType的情况下，我需要使列表长度与帐户列表一样长，换句话说，一旦我将它放在变量上，我需要将其用作填充程序，以使分发类型列表为像帐户列表一样大。 我无法想象没有更简单的方法来做这个我一直看着linq到xml但它没有多大意义。我很想听听你们中的一些专家如何解决这个问题。我试图用一点点代码来组合一个优雅的解决方案。 任何帮助将不胜感激。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
您可以使用Linq to XML。
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
static void Main(string[] args) {
// This txt file contains your xml.
var xml_sample = File.ReadAllText("xml_sample.txt");
var doc = XDocument.Parse(xml_sample);
// Get all <CustomFieldValueSet> that have the label attribute `Account`
var accounts = from item in doc.Descendants("Codes").Descendants("CustomFieldValueSet")
where (item.HasAttributes) &&
(item.Attribute("label").Value == "Account")
select item;
// Create an anonymous type containing the value of the
// distributionValue attribute and the <Value> node.
var accountValue = from el in accounts.Descendants("CustomFieldValue")
let distAttribute = el.Attribute("distributionValue")
select new
{
distValue = distAttribute != null ? distAttribute.Value : "0",
value = el.Descendants("Value").First().Value,
};
// Display stuff here just to make sure we got it right.
accounts.ToList().ForEach(el =>
Console.WriteLine(el.Name + " " + el.Attribute("distributionType").Value));
accountValue.ToList().ForEach(el =>
Console.WriteLine(el.distValue + ":"+ el.value));
}
您应该能够根据需要使用这些想法来解析XML文件。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
根据评论部分中指定的Mihai使用LINQ to XML解决方案的替代方法，您还可以使用预定义的类结构将XML反序列化为类型化的类，属性。
这样做的好处是，您将拥有一个表示XML的对象（希望如此），并允许您更轻松地处理XML中的数据
使用提供的XML示例并使用 Edit - ＆gt; Paste Special - ＆gt;在Visual Studio中将粘贴XML作为类菜单选项，您将获得类似于下面的类结构（这个类已经过一些改进以便于阅读）
using System.Xml.Serialization;
[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
[XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]
public partial class Codes
{
[XmlElementAttribute("CustomFieldValueSet")]
public List<CodesCustomFieldValueSet> CustomFieldValueSet { get; set; }
}
[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class CodesCustomFieldValueSet
{
[XmlElementAttribute("CustomFieldValue")]
public List<CodesCustomFieldValueSetCustomFieldValue> CustomFieldValue { get; set; }
[XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName="name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "label")]
public string Label { get; set; }
[XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "distributionType")]
public string DistributionType { get; set; }
}
[XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
public partial class CodesCustomFieldValueSetCustomFieldValue
{
public string Value { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }
[XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "distributionValue")]
public decimal DistributionValue { get; set; }
[XmlAttributeAttribute(AttributeName = "splitindex")]
public byte SplitIndex { get; set; }
}
使用此类结构，您可以使用以下行来反序列化XML
（其中txtInput.Text是我用来保存示例XML数据的TextBox）
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Codes));
Codes codesInput = serializer.Deserialize(new StringReader(txtInput.Text)) as Codes;
if (codesInput != null)
{
// Do something with the data
}
注意：
根据您所需的输出和您提供的示例XML的结构，您需要将反序列化对象中的信息转换为您想要的内容/方式，因为我建议创建一个额外的类结构，并结合使用a List<T>，用于保存所需输出中显示的所有信息。
如果您控制XML的结构并且可以以更好的方式对其进行结构化以使其比现在更加自我解释，那就更好了，因为看起来每个{{1}之间的链接是CustomFieldValueSet，它是子节点的一个属性，使它复杂化。
进一步阅读XML序列化：
MSDN: Introducing XML Serialization
The XmlSerializer Class