env：python \ r：没有这样的文件或目录

Question

我的Python脚本beak包含以下shebang：

#!/usr/bin/env python

当我运行脚本$ ./beak时，我得到了

env: python\r: No such file or directory

我之前从存储库中提取了此脚本。这可能是什么原因？

Answer 1

在vim或vi中打开文件，并管理以下命令：

:set ff=unix

保存并退出：

:wq

完成！

说明

ff代表 file format ，可以接受unix（\n），dos（{{ 1}}）和\r\n（mac）^{（仅适用于pre-intel macs，在现代mac上使用\r）。}。

要了解有关unix命令的更多信息：

ff

:help ff 代表 W 仪式和 Q uit，更快的等价物是 Shift + zz （即按住 Shift 然后按:wq两次）。

必须在command mode中使用这两个命令。

多个文件的用法

没有必要在vim中实际打开文件。可以直接从命令行进行修改：

z

处理多个 vi +':wq ++ff=unix' file_with_dos_linebreaks.py 个文件：

*.py

Answer 2

该脚本包含CR字符。 shell将这些CR字符解释为参数。

解决方案：使用以下脚本从脚本中删除CR字符。

with open('beak', 'rb+') as f:
    content = f.read()
    f.seek(0)
    f.write(content.replace(b'\r', b''))
    f.truncate()

Answer 3

您可以使用

将结尾的行转换为* nix友好的行

dos2unix beak

Answer 4

falsetru的答案绝对解决了我的问题。我写了一个小助手，允许我规范化多个文件的行结尾。因为我对多个平台上的行结尾不太熟悉，所以程序中使用的术语可能不是100％正确。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright (c) 2013  Niklas Rosenstein
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.

import os
import sys
import glob
import argparse

def process_file(name, lend):
    with open(name, 'rb') as fl:
        data = fl.read()

    data = data.replace('\r\n', '\n').replace('\r', '\n')
    data = data.replace('\n', lend)
    with open(name, 'wb') as fl:
        fl.write(data)

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Convert line-endings of one '
            'or more files.')
    parser.add_argument('-r', '--recursive', action='store_true',
            help='Process all files in a given directory recursively.')
    parser.add_argument('-d', '--dest', default='unix',
            choices=('unix', 'windows'), help='The destination line-ending '
            'type. Default is unix.')
    parser.add_argument('-e', '--is-expr', action='store_true',
            help='Arguments passed for the FILE parameter are treated as '
            'glob expressions.')
    parser.add_argument('-x', '--dont-issue', help='Do not issue missing files.',
            action='store_true')
    parser.add_argument('files', metavar='FILE', nargs='*',
            help='The files or directories to process.')
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Determine the new line-ending.
    if args.dest == 'unix':
        lend = '\n'
    else:
        lend = '\r\n'

    # Process the files/direcories.
    if not args.is_expr:
        for name in args.files:
            if os.path.isfile(name):
                process_file(name, lend)
            elif os.path.isdir(name) and args.recursive:
                for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk(name):
                    for fn in files:
                        fn = os.path.join(dirpath, fn)
                        process_file(fn, fn)
            elif not args.dont_issue:
                parser.error("File '%s' does not exist." % name)
    else:
        if not args.recursive:
            for name in args.files:
                for fn in glob.iglob(name):
                    process_file(fn, lend)
        else:
            for name in args.files:
                for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk('.'):
                    for fn in glob.iglob(os.path.join(dirpath, name)):
                        process_file(fn, lend)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Answer 5

如果使用PyCharm，则可以通过将行分隔符设置为LF轻松解决它。看我的截图。

Answer 6

我通过运行python3解决了这个错误，即 python3 \ path \ filename.py