出于某种原因,这段代码打印出我列表中的所有单词,而我希望它只打印出超过三个z的单词
我已经设法解决了代码,在搜索其中包含“zz”的单词,例如嗡嗡声或暴风雪。我的主要目标是在整个单词中搜索三个z的单词,我头顶的一个例子就是zblizzard或其他东西。
Word* Dictionary::findzs()
{
int wordIndex = 0;
cout << "List : " << endl;
while (wordIndex < MAX_WORDS) {
string word1 = myWords[wordIndex]->word;
wordIndex++;
if (word1.find("zz") != std::string::npos){
cout << word1 << endl;
}
}
return 0;
}
更新:
bool has_3_zs(const std::string& s)
{
return std::count(std::begin(s), std::end(s), 'z') >= 3;
}
void Dictionary::has3zs()
{
int wordIndex = 0;
string word = myWords[wordIndex]->word;
while (wordIndex < MAX_WORDS) {
for (auto& s : { word })
{
if (has_3_zs(s))
{
std::cout << s << '\n';
}
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分:4)
有几个问题:
string::find_first_of()
不适合使用。它在字符串中搜索与其参数中指定的任何字符匹配的第一个字符。换句话说,您的代码确实会查找单个字母z
(因为这是subString
中出现的唯一不同字母)。如果您希望连续找到三个z
的 ,请改用string::find()
。如果您希望在字符串中的任意位置找到三个z
的,请使用std::count()
。
您没有正确检查返回值。您隐式将返回值与零进行比较,而您需要与string::npos
进行比较。
wordIndex++
放错地方了。
return myWords[wordIndex]
看起来像是越界访问,可能导致undefined behaviour。
答案 1 :(得分:3)
我现在明白了。您希望匹配在任何地方包含至少3 'z'
个字符的字符串。
使用std::count
。这个例子:
#include <algorithm> // std::count
#include <iostream> // std::cout
#include <iterator> // std::begin, std::end
#include <string> // std::string
// This is the function you care about.
// It returns `true` if the string has at least 3 'z's.
bool has_3_zs (const std::string& s)
{
return std::count(std::begin(s), std::end(s), 'z') >= 3;
}
// This is just a test case. Ignore the way I write my loop.
int main()
{
for (auto& s : {"Hello", "zWorzldz", "Another", "zStzzring"} )
{
if (has_3_zs(s))
{
std::cout << s << '\n';
}
}
}
打印:
zWorzldz
zStzzring
修改强>:
好的,我写了一个更像你的例子。我的循环与你的循环大致相同(在我看来不是最好的,但我不想进一步混淆)。
// This is the function you care about.
// It returns `true` if the string has at least 3 'z's.
bool has_3_zs (const std::string& s)
{
return std::count(std::begin(s), std::end(s), 'z') >= 3;
}
struct SomeTypeWithAWord
{
std::string word; // The bit you care about
// Allow me to easily make these for my example
SomeTypeWithAWord(char const * c) : word(c) {}
};
// This will contain the words.
// Don't worry about how I fill it up,
// I've just written it the shortest way I know how.
std::vector<SomeTypeWithAWord> myWords
{"Hello", "zWorzldz", "Another", "zStzzring"};
// This is the function you are trying to write.
// It loops over `myWords` and prints any with 3 or more 'z's.
void findzs()
{
std::cout << "List : \n";
std::vector<SomeTypeWithAWord>::size_type wordIndex = 0;
while (wordIndex < myWords.size()) // Loop over all the words
{
const std::string& testWord = myWords[wordIndex].word;
if (has_3_zs(testWord)) // Test each individual word
{
std::cout << testWord << '\n'; // Print it
}
++wordIndex;
}
}
int main()
{
findzs();
}
答案 2 :(得分:0)
你可以使用find_first_of 3次来查看你是否(至少)在整个单词中有3个z的扩散。 尝试这样的事情:
Word* Dictionary::findzs()
{
int wordIndex = 0;
cout << "List : " << endl;
size_t where;
int i;
string subString = "z"; // or "zZ" if you want uppercase as well
while (wordIndex < MAX_WORDS) {
string word1 = myWords[wordIndex]->word;
where = 0;
for (i = 0 ; i < 3 ; i++)
{
where = word1.find_first_of(substring, where);
if (where == string::npos)
break;
where++; // fix...
}
if (i == 3)
{
cout << word1 << endl;
}
wordIndex++;
}
//return myWords[wordIndex]; - this will try to return myWords[MAX_WORDS] which is probably outside array bounds
return NULL; // or whatever else you see fit
}