我在sql server 2008R2中有以下源表和目标表。如何在TSQL中执行pivot(s)以从源到达目的地。
SourceTbl
empId empIndex empState empStDate empEndDate
========================================================
10 1 AL 1/1/2012 12/1/2012
10 2 FL 2/1/2012 2/1/2013
15 1 FL 3/20/2012 1/1/2099
DestTbl
empId empState1 empState1StDate empState1EndDt empState2 empState2StDate empState2EndDt
=========================================================================================================
10 AL 1/1/2012 12/1/2012 FL 2/1/2012 2/1/2013
15 FL 3/20/2012 1/1/2099 NULL NULL NULL
希望empIndex能以某种方式帮助支持。
答案 0 :(得分:23)
由于您使用的是SQL Server,因此有几种不同的方法可以将行转换为列。您可以将聚合函数与CASE表达式一起使用:
select empid,
max(case when empindex = 1 then empstate end) empState1,
max(case when empindex = 1 then empStDate end) empStDate1,
max(case when empindex = 1 then empEndDate end) empEndDate1,
max(case when empindex = 2 then empstate end) empState2,
max(case when empindex = 2 then empStDate end) empStDate2,
max(case when empindex = 2 then empEndDate end) empEndDate2
from sourcetbl
group by empid;
如果你想使用PIVOT函数来获得结果,那么我建议首先取消empState
,empStDate
和empEndDate
列的删除,这样你就会有多行。您可以使用UNPIVOT函数或CROSS APPLY来转换代码所用的数据:
select empid, col+cast(empindex as varchar(10)) col, value
from sourcetbl
cross apply
(
select 'empstate', empstate union all
select 'empstdate', convert(varchar(10), empstdate, 120) union all
select 'empenddate', convert(varchar(10), empenddate, 120)
) c (col, value);
见Demo。一旦数据不透明,那么您可以应用PIVOT函数,因此最终代码将是:
select empid,
empState1, empStDate1, empEndDate1,
empState2, empStDate2, empEndDate2
from
(
select empid, col+cast(empindex as varchar(10)) col, value
from sourcetbl
cross apply
(
select 'empstate', empstate union all
select 'empstdate', convert(varchar(10), empstdate, 120) union all
select 'empenddate', convert(varchar(10), empenddate, 120)
) c (col, value)
) d
pivot
(
max(value)
for col in (empState1, empStDate1, empEndDate1,
empState2, empStDate2, empEndDate2)
) piv;
如果您的empindex
数量有限,上述版本将会很有效,但如果没有,那么您可以使用动态SQL:
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(col+cast(empindex as varchar(10)))
from SourceTbl
cross apply
(
select 'empstate', 1 union all
select 'empstdate', 2 union all
select 'empenddate', 3
) c (col, so)
group by col, so, empindex
order by empindex, so
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query = 'SELECT empid,' + @cols + '
from
(
select empid, col+cast(empindex as varchar(10)) col, value
from sourcetbl
cross apply
(
select ''empstate'', empstate union all
select ''empstdate'', convert(varchar(10), empstdate, 120) union all
select ''empenddate'', convert(varchar(10), empenddate, 120)
) c (col, value)
) x
pivot
(
max(value)
for col in (' + @cols + ')
) p '
execute sp_executesql @query;
请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo
您可以使用这些查询来INSERT INTO DestTbl
,或者不是以这种格式存储数据,而是现在有一个查询来获得所需的结果。
这些查询以下列格式放置数据:
| EMPID | EMPSTATE1 | EMPSTDATE1 | EMPENDDATE1 | EMPSTATE2 | EMPSTDATE2 | EMPENDDATE2 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 10 | AL | 2012-01-01 | 2012-12-01 | FL | 2012-02-01 | 2013-02-01 |
| 15 | FL | 2012-03-20 | 2099-01-01 | (null) | (null) | (null) |
答案 1 :(得分:-1)
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT distinct ', ' + QUOTENAME(TextKey)
from #SourceTbl
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query = 'SELECT FromEntityID, DisplayName, ' + @cols + '
FROM
(
select FromEntityID, DisplayName, TextKey, TextValue
from #SourceTbl
) x
pivot
(
min(TextValue)
for TextKey in (' + @cols + ')
) p
ORDER BY FromEntityID
'
execute(@query)