Question

我正在编写一个Python网络爬虫，我想让它成为多线程的。现在我已经完成了基本部分，下面是它的作用：

一个帖子从队列中获取一个url;
线程从页面中提取链接，检查池中是否存在链接（一组），并将新链接放入队列和池中;
线程将url和http响应写入csv文件。

但是当我运行爬虫时，它最终会卡住，而不是正常退出。我已经阅读了Python的官方文档，但仍然没有任何线索。

以下是代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#!coding=utf-8

import requests, re, urlparse
import threading
from Queue import Queue
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

#custom modules and files
from setting import config


class Page:

    def __init__(self, url):

        self.url = url
        self.status = ""
        self.rawdata = ""
        self.error = False

        r = ""

        try:
            r = requests.get(self.url, headers={'User-Agent': 'random spider'})
        except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
            self.status = e
            self.error = True
        else:
            if not r.history:
                self.status = r.status_code
            else:
                self.status = r.history[0]

        self.rawdata = r

    def outlinks(self):

        self.outlinks = []

        #links, contains URL, anchor text, nofollow
        raw = self.rawdata.text.lower()
        soup = BeautifulSoup(raw)
        outlinks = soup.find_all('a', href=True)

        for link in outlinks:
            d = {"follow":"yes"}
            d['url'] = urlparse.urljoin(self.url, link.get('href'))
            d['anchortext'] = link.text
            if link.get('rel'):
                if "nofollow" in link.get('rel'):
                    d["follow"] = "no"
            if d not in self.outlinks:
                self.outlinks.append(d)


pool = Queue()
exist = set()
thread_num = 10
lock = threading.Lock()
output = open("final.csv", "a")

#the domain is the start point
domain = config["domain"]
pool.put(domain)
exist.add(domain)


def crawl():

    while True:

        p = Page(pool.get())

        #write data to output file
        lock.acquire()
        output.write(p.url+" "+str(p.status)+"\n")
        print "%s crawls %s" % (threading.currentThread().getName(), p.url)
        lock.release()

        if not p.error:
            p.outlinks()
            outlinks = p.outlinks
            if urlparse.urlparse(p.url)[1] == urlparse.urlparse(domain)[1] :
                for link in outlinks:
                    if link['url'] not in exist:
                        lock.acquire()
                        pool.put(link['url'])
                        exist.add(link['url'])
                        lock.release()
        pool.task_done()            


for i in range(thread_num):
    t = threading.Thread(target = crawl)
    t.start()

pool.join()
output.close()

任何帮助将不胜感激！

由于

马库斯

Answer 1

您的抓取功能具有无限循环，没有可能的退出路径。条件True始终评估为True，循环继续，如您所说，

没有正常退出

修改抓取功能的while循环以包含条件。例如，当保存到csv文件的链接数超过某个最小数时，则退出while循环。

即，

def crawl():
    while len(exist) <= min_links:
        ...

多线程Python Web爬虫被困住了

1 个答案: