数独板在Java中使用JPanels
我知道已经有几篇关于数独相关问题的帖子，但我不确定它们中是否有任何我正在寻找的......
我正在尝试使用JPanels和JTextfields在Java中构建一个空的Sudoku板。我还需要在右侧创建一个带有另一个JPanel的菜单。
电路板本身是一个9 x 9的正方形，分为9个3x3正方形。请注意，每个较小的正方形都由比正常的方形边框更重的边框设置。每个方块都是一个文本字段。编写程序，以便文本字段中没有任何内容。用户可以根据需要输入文本字段，如果需要，则会显示数字。在侧面有四个按钮，可以让你解决，获得一个新的谜题，获得提示，或重置谜题。
任何想法都会很棒。我无法理解如何嵌套for循环来创建电路板。这是我的代码......
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.border.Border;
import java.awt.*;
public class ArrayTest extends JFrame {
public ArrayTest() {
JPanel board = new JPanel(new GridLayout(9, 9));
add(board);
JPanel[][] squares = new JPanel[9][9];
Border border = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.BLACK);
for (int row = 1; row < 9; row++) {
for (int col = 1; col < 9; col++) {
squares[row][col] = new JPanel();
board.add(squares[row][col]);
}
}
JPanel menu = new JPanel();
menu.add(new JButton("Reset"));
menu.add(new JButton("Hint"));
menu.add(new JButton("Solve"));
menu.add(new JButton("New Puzzle"));
add(menu);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
/** Create a frame and set its properties*/
JFrame frame = new ArrayTest();
frame.setTitle("Sudoku");
frame.setSize(600, 600);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); //Center the frame
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
2 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：6)
我看到的一些事情：
-
我认为您现在不需要9x9
JPanel，而是9x9JTextFields。您可能需要3x3JPanels，这样您就可以使每个部分的边框更加大胆。可能更容易明确地列出这些而不是试图在循环中进行。 -
你的循环计数器（和数组索引）应该从0开始，而不是1.你现在的方式，循环只会执行8次。
-
您将要跟踪每行，每列和每个3x3子组中的值。行和列很容易在2D数组中使用。您可以考虑使用另一个数组来保存每个3x3区域中的值。这样可以在需要时更轻松地扫描这些值，如果您沿着这条路线行进，则可能有助于将值放在较小的3x3
JPanel中。
答案 1 :(得分：5)
首先，我会使用某种模型来控制“虚拟”板内的值，这会将逻辑与UI分开，并允许更改而不会对另一个产生负面影响。
我会为模型提供适当的事件，以便在模型更改时更新UI，并为每个字段提供根据需要更新模型的方法。
然后我会将问题减少到它最小的概念组件，它将成为子板，并生成UI以最抽象的方式表示它。这允许重复使用并有助于调试，就好像一个板有问题，然后您可以在一个地方为所有人修复它。
public class Sudoku {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Sudoku();
}
public Sudoku() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
} catch (InstantiationException ex) {
} catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
} catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(new SudokuBoard());
frame.add(new MenuPane(), BorderLayout.AFTER_LINE_ENDS);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class MenuPane extends JPanel {
public MenuPane() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 1;
gbc.weightx = 1;
gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
add(new JButton("Solve"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("New"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("Hint"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("Reset"), gbc);
}
}
public class SudokuBoard extends JPanel {
public static final int ROWS = 3;
public static final int COLUMNS = 3;
private SubBoard[] subBoards;
public SudokuBoard() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4));
subBoards = new SubBoard[ROWS * COLUMNS];
setLayout(new GridLayout(ROWS, COLUMNS, 2, 2));
for (int row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < COLUMNS; col++) {
int index = (row * ROWS) + col;
SubBoard board = new SubBoard();
board.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(new LineBorder(Color.GRAY, 3), new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4)));
subBoards[index] = board;
add(board);
}
}
}
}
public class SubBoard extends JPanel {
public static final int ROWS = 9;
public static final int COLUMNS = 9;
private JTextField[] fields;
public SubBoard() {
setLayout(new GridLayout(ROWS, COLUMNS, 2, 2));
fields = new JTextField[ROWS * COLUMNS];
for (int row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < COLUMNS; col++) {
int index = (row * COLUMNS) + col;
JTextField field = new JTextField(4);
fields[index] = field;
// field.setText(Integer.toString(index));
add(field);
}
}
}
}
}
<强>已更新
要将文本字段限制为仅允许输入数字值，您可以查看JTextField limiting character amount input and accepting numeric only了解某些想法
更新（使用2D数组）
这是一个使用2D数组的实现，它还对子板进行子组合，以便3x3字段的每个网格都有自己的板...
public class Sudoku {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Sudoku();
}
public Sudoku() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
} catch (InstantiationException ex) {
} catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
} catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(new SudokuBoard());
frame.add(new MenuPane(), BorderLayout.AFTER_LINE_ENDS);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class MenuPane extends JPanel {
public MenuPane() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 1;
gbc.weightx = 1;
gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
add(new JButton("Solve"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("New"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("Hint"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("Reset"), gbc);
}
}
public class SudokuBoard extends JPanel {
public static final int ROWS = 3;
public static final int COLUMNS = 3;
private SubBoard[][] subBoards;
public SudokuBoard() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4));
subBoards = new SubBoard[ROWS][COLUMNS];
setLayout(new GridLayout(ROWS, COLUMNS, 2, 2));
for (int row = 0; row < ROWS; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < COLUMNS; col++) {
int index = (row * ROWS) + col;
SubBoard board = new SubBoard();
board.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(new LineBorder(Color.GRAY, 3), new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4)));
subBoards[row][col] = board;
add(board);
}
}
}
}
public class SubBoard extends JPanel {
public SubBoard() {
setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 3, 2, 2));
for (int index = 0; index < 3*3; index++) {
add(new ChildBoard(3, 3));
}
}
}
public class ChildBoard extends JPanel {
private JTextField[][] fields;
public ChildBoard(int rows, int cols) {
setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.LIGHT_GRAY));
setLayout(new GridLayout(rows, cols, 2, 2));
fields = new JTextField[rows][cols];
for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < cols; col++) {
JTextField field = new JTextField(4);
fields[row][col] = field;
add(field);
}
}
}
}
}
或者，如果您想尝试将所有字段保留在单个顶级参考中，您可以执行以下操作...
public class SubBoard extends JPanel {
private JTextField[][] fields;
public SubBoard() {
setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 3, 2, 2));
fields = new JTextField[9][9];
for (int row = 0; row < 9; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < 9; col++) {
fields[row][col] = new JTextField(4);
}
}
for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < 3; col++) {
int startRow = row * 3;
int startCol = col * 3;
add(new ChildBoard(3, 3, fields, startRow, startCol));
}
}
}
}
public class ChildBoard extends JPanel {
public ChildBoard(int rows, int cols, JTextField[][] fields, int startRow, int startCol) {
setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.LIGHT_GRAY));
setLayout(new GridLayout(rows, cols, 2, 2));
for (int row = 0; row < rows; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < cols; col++) {
JTextField field = fields[startRow + row][startCol + col];
fields[row][col] = field;
add(field);
}
}
}
}
使用单一类更新
好吧，那么不要再进行子类化，只需使用几种方法来创建电路板的每个部分，您可以从中重复调用...
记住，减少和重复使用。
public class Sudoku {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Sudoku();
}
public Sudoku() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
} catch (InstantiationException ex) {
} catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
} catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
frame.add(new SudokuBoard());
frame.add(new MenuPane(), BorderLayout.AFTER_LINE_ENDS);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class MenuPane extends JPanel {
public MenuPane() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 1;
gbc.weightx = 1;
gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
add(new JButton("Solve"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("New"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("Hint"), gbc);
gbc.gridy++;
add(new JButton("Reset"), gbc);
}
}
public class SudokuBoard extends JPanel {
public static final int GRID_ROWS = 3;
public static final int GRID_COLUMNS = 3;
public static final int BOARD_ROWS = 9;
public static final int BOARD_COLUMNS = 9;
private JTextField fields[][];
public SudokuBoard() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4, 4, 4, 4));
fields = new JTextField[GRID_ROWS * BOARD_ROWS][GRID_COLUMNS * BOARD_COLUMNS];
setLayout(new GridLayout(GRID_ROWS, GRID_COLUMNS, 2, 2));
for (int row = 0; row < GRID_ROWS; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < GRID_COLUMNS; col++) {
int startRow = row * GRID_ROWS;
int startCol = col * GRID_COLUMNS;
add(createBoard(fields, startRow, startCol));
}
}
}
protected JPanel createBoard(JTextField fiels[][], int startRow, int startCol) {
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 3, 2, 2));
panel.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(new LineBorder(Color.DARK_GRAY, 2), new EmptyBorder(2, 2, 2, 2)));
for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < 3; col++) {
int rowIndex = (startRow + row) * 3;
int colIndex = (startCol + col) * 3;
panel.add(createSubBoard(fields, rowIndex, colIndex));
}
}
return panel;
}
protected JPanel createSubBoard(JTextField[][] fields, int startRow, int startCol) {
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 3, 2, 2));
panel.setBorder(new CompoundBorder(new LineBorder(Color.GRAY, 2), new EmptyBorder(2, 2, 2, 2)));
populateFields(fields, startRow, startCol);
for (int row = 0; row < 3; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < 3; col++) {
panel.add(fields[row + startRow][col + startCol]);
}
}
return panel;
}
protected void populateFields(JTextField[][] fields, int startRow, int startCol) {
for (int row = startRow; row < startRow + 3; row++) {
for (int col = startCol; col < startCol + 3; col++) {
fields[row][col] = new JTextField(4);
}
}
}
}
}
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