Question

我在ASP.Net中构建了一个Web服务，它向我发送了一个房间列表。

参数是id，用逗号分隔。

我将它们保存到字符串中并构建了一个sql select查询。

当我发送所有4个参数时，我的一切正常，我得到了一个结果。但是当我发送少于4时我得到一个错误。

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Incorrect syntax near ')'.

如何在sql查询中设置可选参数以仅选择我输入的值？

到目前为止，这是我的代码：

internal static List<RAUM> Raum(string RAUMKLASSE_ID, string STADT_ID, string GEBAEUDE_ID, string REGION_ID)
{
    List<RAUM> strasseObject = new List<RAUM>();
    string raumklasseid = RAUMKLASSE_ID;
    string gebaudeid = GEBAEUDE_ID;
    string stadtid = STADT_ID;
    string regionid = REGION_ID;

    using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(@"Data Source=Localhost\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=BOOK-IT-V2;Integrated Security=true;"))
    using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(@"SELECT r.BEZEICHNUNG AS BEZEICHNUNG, r.ID AS ID FROM RAUM r WHERE RAUMKLASSE_ID IN (" + raumklasseid + ") AND STADT_ID IN (" + stadtid + ") AND GEBAEUDE_ID IN (" + gebaudeid + ") AND REGION_ID IN (" + regionid + ")", con))
    {
        con.Open();

        using (SqlDataReader rdr = cmd.ExecuteReader())
        {
            while (rdr.Read())
            {
                if (rdr["BEZEICHNUNG"] != DBNull.Value && rdr["ID"] != DBNull.Value)
                {
                    strasseObject.Add(new RAUM()
                    {
                        RaumName = rdr["BEZEICHNUNG"].ToString(),
                        RaumID = rdr["ID"].ToString()
                    });
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return strasseObject;
}

提前感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

想象一下，参数REGION_ID是一个空字符串。您的查询部分将是：

...AND REGION_ID IN ()...

因为在AND REGION_ID IN (" + regionid + ")"中，regionid变量将替换为空字符串。这不是有效的SQL语法，因此您将获得该异常。

声明一个这样的函数：

private static void AppendConstrain(StringBuilder query, string name, string value)
{
    if (String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value))
        return;

    if (query.Length > 0)
        query.Append(" AND ");

    query.AppendFormat("{0} IN ({1})", name, value);
}

然后更改代码以这种方式构建查询：

StringBuilder constrains = new StringBuilder();
AppendConstrain(contrains, "RAUMKLASSE_ID", RAUMKLASSE_ID);
AppendConstrain(contrains, "GEBAEUDE_ID", GEBAEUDE_ID);
AppendConstrain(contrains, "STADT_ID", STADT_ID);
AppendConstrain(contrains, "REGION_ID", REGION_ID);

StringBuilder query =
    new StringBuilder("SELECT r.BEZEICHNUNG AS BEZEICHNUNG, r.ID AS ID FROM RAUM r");

if (constrains.Length > 0)
{
    query.Append(" WHERE ");
    query.Append(constrains);
}

using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(query.ToString(), con))
{
    // Your code...
}

Answer 2

编写存储过程并传递参数总是更好的方法。但在您的方法中，您应该拆分查询，因为不确定值。所以，你的代码是那样的......

自己测试，我没有检查

string raumklasseid = RAUMKLASSE_ID;
        string gebaudeid = GEBAEUDE_ID;
        string stadtid = STADT_ID;
        string regionid = REGION_ID;
        string whereClause = string.Empty;

if (!string.IsNullorEmpty(raumklasseid))
{
   whereClause = "RAUMKLASSE_ID IN (" + raumklasseid + ")";
}
if (!string.IsNullorEmpty(stadtid ))
{
   if(string.IsNullorEmpty(whereClause)
      whereClause = "STADT_ID IN (" + stadtid + ")";
   else 
      whereClause += "AND RSTADT_ID IN (" + stadtid + ")";
}
if (!string.IsNullorEmpty(stadtid ))
{
   if(string.IsNullorEmpty(whereClause)
      whereClause = "STADT_ID IN (" + stadtid + ")";
   else 
      whereClause += "AND RSTADT_ID IN (" + stadtid + ")";
}
if (!string.IsNullorEmpty(regionid))
{
   if(string.IsNullorEmpty(whereClause)
      whereClause = "REGION_ID IN (" + regionid + ")";
   else 
      whereClause += "AND REGION_ID IN (" + regionid + ")";
}

if(!string.IsNullorEmpty(whereClause)
whereClause = "WHERE " + whereClause ;

// now your cmd should be like that

using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(@"SELECT r.BEZEICHNUNG AS BEZEICHNUNG, r.ID AS ID FROM RAUM r " + whereClause , con))

如何设置sql查询的参数可选？

2 个答案: