我希望将相同的装饰器应用于给定类中的每个方法,而不是以__
开头和结尾的方法。
在我看来,使用类装饰器应该是可行的。是否有任何陷阱需要注意?
理想情况下,我也希望能够:
[注意:我正在使用Python 3.2,所以如果这依赖于最近添加的功能,我会很好。]
这是我的尝试:
_methods_to_skip = {}
def apply(decorator):
def apply_decorator(cls):
for method_name, method in get_all_instance_methods(cls):
if (cls, method) in _methods_to_skip:
continue
if method_name[:2] == `__` and method_name[-2:] == `__`:
continue
cls.method_name = decorator(method)
return apply_decorator
def dont_decorate(method):
_methods_to_skip.add((get_class_from_method(method), method))
return method
以下是我遇到的问题:
get_all_instance_methods
功能cls.method_name = decorator(method)
行是否正确get_class_from_method
答案 0 :(得分:15)
我认为使用元类更好地完成,以便处理运行时和子类方法的装饰。我没有看到使用类装饰器自动处理子类的优雅方法。
from types import FunctionType
# check if an object should be decorated
def do_decorate(attr, value):
return ('__' not in attr and
isinstance(value, FunctionType) and
getattr(value, 'decorate', True))
# decorate all instance methods (unless excluded) with the same decorator
def decorate_all(decorator):
class DecorateAll(type):
def __new__(cls, name, bases, dct):
for attr, value in dct.iteritems():
if do_decorate(attr, value):
dct[attr] = decorator(value)
return super(DecorateAll, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, dct)
def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
if do_decorate(attr, value):
value = decorator(value)
super(DecorateAll, self).__setattr__(attr, value)
return DecorateAll
# decorator to exclude methods
def dont_decorate(f):
f.decorate = False
return f
它的一个使用示例(Python 2,但对Python 3进行了简单的修改):
def printer(f):
print f
return f
class Foo(object):
__metaclass__ = decorate_all(printer)
def bar(self):
pass
@dont_decorate
def baz(self):
pass
@classmethod
def test(self):
pass
# prints
# <function bar at 0x04EB59B0>
class AnotherName(Foo):
def blah(self):
pass
# prints
# <function blah at 0x04EB5930>
Foo.qux = lambda: 1
# prints
# <function <lambda> at 0x04EB57F0>
答案 1 :(得分:0)
你可以这样做(不确定这是否是最优雅的方式):
def get_all_instance_methods(x):
return filter(callable, map(lambda d: getattr(x, d), dir(x)))
对于cls.method_name
,您必须使用getattr(cls, method_name)
。