Clojure spec“ conformer”功能是什么?

时间:2019-09-10 13:18:00

标签: clojure clojure.spec

clojure.spec.alpha API有一个名为conformer的宏,其描述如下:

Usage: (conformer f)
       (conformer f unf)

takes a predicate function with the semantics of conform i.e. it should
return either a (possibly converted) value or :clojure.spec.alpha/invalid,
and returns a spec that uses it as a predicate/conformer. Optionally takes
a second fn that does unform of result of first

这对我来说还不清楚,如果不是很深奥的话。

它的作用是什么?什么是“不符合标准者”(不应该是“不符合标准者”)?我想从返回的“合格值”中重新创建原始数据。

更新

经过15分钟的实验,似乎是根据“谓词”(具有特殊功能的“ spec”来创建新的“ spec”?)

我尝试了

(require '[clojure.spec.alpha :as s :refer [valid? explain conform conformer]])

; ---
; Using purely clojure.spec.alpha:
; ---

(s/def ::vtx-x float?)  
(s/def ::vtx-y float?)
(s/def ::vertex (s/keys :req [::vtx-x ::vtx-y]))

(type (s/get-spec ::vertex))
;=> clojure.spec.alpha$map_spec_impl$reify__1997

(conform ::vertex { ::vtx-x 1.0 ::vtx-y 2.0 })
;=> #:user{:vtx-x 1.0, :vtx-y 2.0}

(valid? ::vertex { ::vtx-x 1.0 ::vtx-y 2.0 })
;=> true

(conform ::vertex { ::vtx-x 1.0 })
;=> :clojure.spec.alpha/invalid

; ---
; Using my own special sauce predicate function, where the conformed
; value carries additional information ... maybe for a debugging system?
; ---

(defn my-vertex-conformer [v]
   (when-let [ { x ::vtx-x y ::vtx-y } v ]
      (if (and (float? x) (float? y)) 
         [:comment "Vertex conforms!" :something (+ x y) :orig v]
         ; else
         :clojure.spec.alpha/invalid)))

(defn my-vertex-unformer [conf-v] (get conf-v :orig))

(s/def ::my-vertex (conformer my-vertex-conformer my-vertex-unformer))

(type (s/get-spec ::my-vertex))
;=> clojure.spec.alpha$spec_impl$reify__2059

(conform ::my-vertex { ::vtx-x 1.0 ::vtx-y 2.0 })
;=> [:comment "Vertex conforms!" :something 3.0 
;=>         :orig #:user{:vtx-x 1.0, :vtx-y 2.0}]

(valid? ::my-vertex { ::vtx-x 1.0 ::vtx-y 2.0 })
;=> true

(conform ::my-vertex { ::vtx-x 1.0 })
;=> :clojure.spec.alpha/invalid

奖金,在这里也不例外,这是疏忽吗?

(conformer map?)
;=> #object[clojure.spec.alpha$spec_impl$reify__2059 0x770b843 "clojure.spec.alpha$spec_impl$reify__2059@770b843"]

(type (conformer map?))
;=> clojure.spec.alpha$spec_impl$reify__2059

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

  

它是做什么用的?

用于创建一个规格(当用于符合值时)可以返回与给定值不同的规格。

(s/conform str 1)
=> 1   ;; (str 1) returned truthy value; input value unchanged
(s/conform (s/conformer str) 1)
=> "1" ;; returns (str 1)
  

“不符合标准者”(不是“不符合标准者”)的用途是什么?我想从返回的“一致值”中重新创建原始数据吗?

确切地说,unformer函数可用于撤消协调者使用s/unform所做的任何更改。

(s/def ::str (s/conformer str #(Integer/parseInt %)))
(s/conform ::str 1)
=> "1"
(s/unform ::str "1")
=> 1

有机会简化您的示例规范:

(defn my-vertex-conformer [v]
  (let [{x ::vtx-x y ::vtx-y} v] ;; don't need validation here
    {:comment "Vertex conforms!" :something (+ x y) :orig v}))

(s/def ::my-vertex
  (s/and ::vertex ;; because the validation is done by (s/and ::vertex ...)
         (s/conformer my-vertex-conformer
                      :orig))) ;; keyword can be used as unform function

(->> {::vtx-x 1.0 ::vtx-y 2.0}
     (s/conform ::my-vertex)
     (s/unform ::my-vertex))
=> {::vtx-x 1.0 ::vtx-y 2.0}
  

奖金,在这里也不例外,这是疏忽吗?

     

(conformer map?)

不,这没什么错,尽管将map?之类的布尔谓词函数与conformer一起使用可能并不常见:

(s/conform (s/conformer map?) {})
=> true
(s/conform (s/conformer map?) [])
=> false

(s/conformer map?)是一种可以接受任何值的规范,如果它是映射,则符合true,否则为false。

  

[spec]最初来自哪里?

合同的概念已有一段时间了,形式多种多样,例如https://docs.racket-lang.org/guide/contracts.html。另请参见https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_by_contract